Sentrin-specific protease 1; Protease that catalyzes two essential functions in the SUMO pathway. The first is the hydrolysis of an alpha-linked peptide bond at the C-terminal end of the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) propeptides, SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3 leading to the mature form of the proteins. The second is the deconjugation of SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3 from targeted proteins, by cleaving an epsilon-linked peptide bond between the C-terminal glycine of the mature SUMO and the lysine epsilon-amino group of the target protein. Deconjugates SUMO1 from HIPK2. Deconjugates SUMO1 from [...] (644 aa)

SUMO-activating enzyme subunit 1; The heterodimer acts as an E1 ligase for SUMO1, SUMO2, SUMO3, and probably SUMO4. It mediates ATP-dependent activation of SUMO proteins followed by formation of a thioester bond between a SUMO protein and a conserved active site cysteine residue on UBA2/SAE2; Ubiquitin like modifier activating enzymes (346 aa)

E3 SUMO-protein ligase RanBP2; E3 SUMO-protein ligase which facilitates SUMO1 and SUMO2 conjugation by UBE2I. Involved in transport factor (Ran-GTP, karyopherin)-mediated protein import via the F-G repeat-containing domain which acts as a docking site for substrates. Binds single- stranded RNA (in vitro). May bind DNA. Component of the nuclear export pathway. Specific docking site for the nuclear export factor exportin-1. Sumoylates PML at ’Lys-490’ which is essential for the proper assembly of PML-NB. Recruits BICD2 to the nuclear envelope and cytoplasmic stacks of nuclear pore comple [...] (3224 aa)

Ran GTPase-activating protein 1; GTPase activator for the nuclear Ras-related regulatory protein Ran, converting it to the putatively inactive GDP-bound state (587 aa)

SUMO-activating enzyme subunit 2; The heterodimer acts as an E1 ligase for SUMO1, SUMO2, SUMO3, and probably SUMO4. It mediates ATP-dependent activation of SUMO proteins followed by formation of a thioester bond between a SUMO protein and a conserved active site cysteine residue on UBA2/SAE2; Ubiquitin like modifier activating enzymes (640 aa)

Sentrin-specific protease 2; Protease that catalyzes two essential functions in the SUMO pathway. The first is the hydrolysis of an alpha-linked peptide bond at the C-terminal end of the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) propeptides, SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3 leading to the mature form of the proteins. The second is the deconjugation of SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3 from targeted proteins, by cleaving an epsilon-linked peptide bond between the C-terminal glycine of the mature SUMO and the lysine epsilon-amino group of the target protein. May down-regulate CTNNB1 levels and thereby modulate th [...] (589 aa)

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF4; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which binds polysumoylated chains covalently attached to proteins and mediates ’Lys-6’-, ’Lys-11’-, ’Lys-48’- and ’Lys-63’-linked polyubiquitination of those substrates and their subsequent targeting to the proteasome for degradation. Regulates the degradation of several proteins including PML and the transcriptional activator PEA3. Involved in chromosome alignment and spindle assembly, it regulates the kinetochore CENPH-CENPI-CENPK complex by targeting polysumoylated CENPI to proteasomal degradation. Regulates the cellular [...] (190 aa)

G/T mismatch-specific thymine DNA glycosylase; DNA glycosylase that plays a key role in active DNA demethylation- specifically recognizes and binds 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) in the context of CpG sites and mediates their excision through base-excision repair (BER) to install an unmethylated cytosine. Cannot remove 5- hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). According to an alternative model, involved in DNA demethylation by mediating DNA glycolase activity toward 5-hydroxymethyluracil (5hmU) produced by deamination of 5hmC. Also involved in DNA repair by acting as a thy [...] (410 aa)