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EIF2AK1 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 1; Inhibits protein synthesis at the translation initiation level, in response to various stress conditions, including oxidative stress, heme deficiency, osmotic shock and heat shock. Exerts its function through the phosphorylation of EIF2S1 at ’Ser- 48’ and ’Ser-51’, thus preventing its recycling. Binds hemin forming a 1-1 complex through a cysteine thiolate and histidine nitrogenous coordination. This binding occurs with moderate affinity, allowing it to sense the heme concentration within the cell. Thanks to this unique heme-se [...] (630 aa) | |||
HARS2 | Probable histidine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial; histidyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial; Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases, Class II (506 aa) | |||
CCNA1 | Cyclin-A1; May be involved in the control of the cell cycle at the G1/S (start) and G2/M (mitosis) transitions. May primarily function in the control of the germline meiotic cell cycle and additionally in the control of mitotic cell cycle in some somatic cells; Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin AB subfamily (465 aa) | |||
RBL2 | Retinoblastoma-like protein 2; Key regulator of entry into cell division. Directly involved in heterochromatin formation by maintaining overall chromatin structure and, in particular, that of constitutive heterochromatin by stabilizing histone methylation. Recruits and targets histone methyltransferases KMT5B and KMT5C, leading to epigenetic transcriptional repression. Controls histone H4 ’Lys- 20’ trimethylation. Probably acts as a transcription repressor by recruiting chromatin-modifying enzymes to promoters. Potent inhibitor of E2F-mediated trans-activation, associates preferentiall [...] (1139 aa) | |||
CREBBP | CREB-binding protein; Acetylates histones, giving a specific tag for transcriptional activation. Also acetylates non-histone proteins, like NCOA3 and FOXO1. Binds specifically to phosphorylated CREB and enhances its transcriptional activity toward cAMP-responsive genes. Acts as a coactivator of ALX1. Acts as a circadian transcriptional coactivator which enhances the activity of the circadian transcriptional activators- NPAS2-ARNTL/BMAL1 and CLOCK- ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimers. Acetylates PCNA; acetylation promotes removal of chromatin-bound PCNA and its degradation during nucleotide excisi [...] (2442 aa) | |||
EP300 | Histone acetyltransferase p300; Functions as histone acetyltransferase and regulates transcription via chromatin remodeling. Acetylates all four core histones in nucleosomes. Histone acetylation gives an epigenetic tag for transcriptional activation. Mediates cAMP-gene regulation by binding specifically to phosphorylated CREB protein. Mediates acetylation of histone H3 at ’Lys-122’ (H3K122ac), a modification that localizes at the surface of the histone octamer and stimulates transcription, possibly by promoting nucleosome instability. Mediates acetylation of histone H3 at ’Lys-27’ (H3K [...] (2414 aa) | |||
EIF2AK4 | eIF-2-alpha kinase GCN2; Metabolic-stress sensing protein kinase that phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF-2-alpha/EIF2S1) on ’Ser-52’ in response to low amino acid availability. Plays a role as an activator of the integrated stress response (ISR) required for adapatation to amino acid starvation. Converts phosphorylated eIF- 2-alpha/EIF2S1 either to a competitive inhibitor of the translation initiation factor eIF-2B, leading to a global protein synthesis repression, and thus to a reduced overall utilization of amino acids, or to a transla [...] (1649 aa) | |||
SMARCA2 | Probable global transcription activator SNF2L2; Involved in transcriptional activation and repression of select genes by chromatin remodeling (alteration of DNA-nucleosome topology). Component of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes that carry out key enzymatic activities, changing chromatin structure by altering DNA-histone contacts within a nucleosome in an ATP-dependent manner. Binds DNA non-specifically. Belongs to the neural progenitors-specific chromatin remodeling complex (npBAF complex) and the neuron-specific chromatin remodeling complex (nBAF complex). During neural develop [...] (1590 aa) | |||
RB1 | Retinoblastoma-associated protein; Key regulator of entry into cell division that acts as a tumor suppressor. Promotes G0-G1 transition when phosphorylated by CDK3/cyclin-C. Acts as a transcription repressor of E2F1 target genes. The underphosphorylated, active form of RB1 interacts with E2F1 and represses its transcription activity, leading to cell cycle arrest. Directly involved in heterochromatin formation by maintaining overall chromatin structure and, in particular, that of constitutive heterochromatin by stabilizing histone methylation. Recruits and targets histone methyltransfer [...] (928 aa) | |||
CCNA2 | Cyclin-A2; Cyclin which controls both the G1/S and the G2/M transition phases of the cell cycle. Functions through the formation of specific serine/threonine protein kinase holoenzyme complexes with the cyclin-dependent protein kinases CDK1 or CDK2. The cyclin subunit confers the substrate specificity of these complexes and differentially interacts with and activates CDK1 and CDK2 throughout the cell cycle; Cyclins (432 aa) | |||
ABCE1 | ATP-binding cassette sub-family E member 1; Antagonizes the binding of 2-5A (5’-phosphorylated 2’,5’-linked oligoadenylates) by RNase L through direct interaction with RNase L and therefore inhibits its endoribonuclease activity. May play a central role in the regulation of mRNA turnover. Antagonizes the anti-viral effect of the interferon-regulated 2-5A/RNase L pathway. May act as a chaperone for post-translational events during HIV-1 capsid assembly; Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCE family (599 aa) | |||
KMT2D | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2D; Histone methyltransferase. Methylates ’Lys-4’ of histone H3 (H3K4me). H3K4me represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation. Acts as a coactivator for estrogen receptor by being recruited by ESR1, thereby activating transcription; Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Histone-lysine methyltransferase family. TRX/MLL subfamily (5537 aa) | |||
SMAD3 | Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3; Receptor-regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) that is an intracellular signal transducer and transcriptional modulator activated by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and activin type 1 receptor kinases. Binds the TRE element in the promoter region of many genes that are regulated by TGF-beta and, on formation of the SMAD3/SMAD4 complex, activates transcription. Also can form a SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex at the AP-1/SMAD site to regulate TGF-beta-mediated transcription. Has an inhibitory effect on wound healing probably by modulating both growth and mi [...] (425 aa) | |||
RBL1 | Retinoblastoma-like protein 1; Key regulator of entry into cell division. Directly involved in heterochromatin formation by maintaining overall chromatin structure and, in particular, that of constitutive heterochromatin by stabilizing histone methylation. Recruits and targets histone methyltransferases KMT5B and KMT5C, leading to epigenetic transcriptional repression. Controls histone H4 ’Lys- 20’ trimethylation. Probably acts as a transcription repressor by recruiting chromatin-modifying enzymes to promoters. Potent inhibitor of E2F-mediated trans-activation. Forms a complex with ade [...] (1068 aa) | |||
TFDP1 | Transcription factor Dp-1; Can stimulate E2F-dependent transcription. Binds DNA cooperatively with E2F family members through the E2 recognition site, 5’-TTTC[CG]CGC-3’, found in the promoter region of a number of genes whose products are involved in cell cycle regulation or in DNA replication. The E2F1-DP complex appears to mediate both cell proliferation and apoptosis. Blocks adipocyte differentiation by repressing CEBPA binding to its target gene promoters; Belongs to the E2F/DP family (410 aa) | |||
CCNJL | Cyclin-J-like protein; Cyclin J like; Cyclins (435 aa) | |||
CDK1 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 1; Plays a key role in the control of the eukaryotic cell cycle by modulating the centrosome cycle as well as mitotic onset; promotes G2-M transition, and regulates G1 progress and G1-S transition via association with multiple interphase cyclins. Required in higher cells for entry into S-phase and mitosis. Phosphorylates PARVA/actopaxin, APC, AMPH, APC, BARD1, Bcl- xL/BCL2L1, BRCA2, CALD1, CASP8, CDC7, CDC20, CDC25A, CDC25C, CC2D1A, CENPA, CSNK2 proteins/CKII, FZR1/CDH1, CDK7, CEBPB, CHAMP1, DMD/dystrophin, EEF1 proteins/EF-1, EZH2, KIF11/EG5, EGFR, FANCG, FOS, [...] (297 aa) | |||
CCNF | Cyclin-F; Substrate recognition component of a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F- box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of CP110 during G2 phase, thereby acting as an inhibitor of centrosome reduplication; Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin AB subfamily (786 aa) | |||
XPO1 | Exportin-1; Mediates the nuclear export of cellular proteins (cargos) bearing a leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) and of RNAs. In the nucleus, in association with RANBP3, binds cooperatively to the NES on its target protein and to the GTPase RAN in its active GTP-bound form (Ran-GTP). Docking of this complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is mediated through binding to nucleoporins. Upon transit of a nuclear export complex into the cytoplasm, disassembling of the complex and hydrolysis of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP (induced by RANBP1 and RANGAP1, respectively) cause release of the ca [...] (1071 aa) | |||
TFDP3 | Transcription factor Dp family member 3; Competitive inhibitor of E2F-mediated transactivation activity. Impairs E2F-mediated cell-cycle progression from G(1) to S phase; Belongs to the E2F/DP family (405 aa) | |||
SMARCA4 | Transcription activator BRG1; Involved in transcriptional activation and repression of select genes by chromatin remodeling (alteration of DNA-nucleosome topology). Component of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes that carry out key enzymatic activities, changing chromatin structure by altering DNA-histone contacts within a nucleosome in an ATP-dependent manner. Component of the CREST-BRG1 complex, a multiprotein complex that regulates promoter activation by orchestrating a calcium-dependent release of a repressor complex and a recruitment of an activator complex. In resting neurons [...] (1647 aa) | |||
E2F5 | Transcription factor E2F5; Transcriptional activator that binds to E2F sites, these sites are present in the promoter of many genes whose products are involved in cell proliferation. May mediate growth factor- initiated signal transduction. It is likely involved in the early responses of resting cells to growth factor stimulation. Specifically required for multiciliate cell differentiation- together with MCIDAS and E2F5, binds and activate genes required for centriole biogenesis; Belongs to the E2F/DP family (346 aa) | |||
PSMD6 | Proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 6 (442 aa) | |||
DP2 | Transcription factor Dp-2; Can stimulate E2F-dependent transcription. Binds DNA cooperatively with E2F family members through the E2 recognition site, 5’-TTTC[CG]CGC-3’, found in the promoter region of a number of genes whose products are involved in cell cycle regulation or in DNA replication. The TFDP2-E2F complex functions in the control of cell-cycle progression from G1 to S phase. The E2F1-DP complex appears to mediate both cell proliferation and apoptosis. Blocks adipocyte differentiation by repressing CEBPA binding to its target gene promoters (446 aa) | |||
HARS | Histidine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic; Cytoplasmic histidine--tRNA ligase (Probable). Plays a role in axon guidance; Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases, Class II (509 aa) | |||
ENSG00000269905 | Transcription factor Dp-2; Can stimulate E2F-dependent transcription. Binds DNA cooperatively with E2F family members through the E2 recognition site, 5’-TTTC[CG]CGC-3’, found in the promoter region of a number of genes whose products are involved in cell cycle regulation or in DNA replication. The TFDP2-E2F complex functions in the control of cell-cycle progression from G1 to S phase. The E2F1-DP complex appears to mediate both cell proliferation and apoptosis. Blocks adipocyte differentiation by repressing CEBPA binding to its target gene promoters (418 aa) |