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NT5C1A | Cytosolic 5’-nucleotidase 1A; Dephosphorylates the 5’ and 2’(3’)-phosphates of deoxyribonucleotides and has a broad substrate specificity. Helps to regulate adenosine levels in heart during ischemia and hypoxia; 5’-nucleotidases (368 aa) | |||
ATIC | Bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein PURH; Bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes 2 steps in purine biosynthesis; Belongs to the PurH family (592 aa) | |||
GDA | Guanine deaminase; Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of guanine, producing xanthine and ammonia; Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. ATZ/TRZ family (471 aa) | |||
PDE1B | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3’,5’-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1B; Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase with a dual- specificity for the second messengers cAMP and cGMP, which are key regulators of many important physiological processes. Has a preference for cGMP as a substrate (536 aa) | |||
NT5C | 5’(3’)-deoxyribonucleotidase, cytosolic type; Dephosphorylates the 5’ and 2’(3’)-phosphates of deoxyribonucleotides, with a preference for dUMP and dTMP, intermediate activity towards dGMP, and low activity towards dCMP and dAMP; Belongs to the 5’(3’)-deoxyribonucleotidase family (201 aa) | |||
NT5E | 5’-nucleotidase; Hydrolyzes extracellular nucleotides into membrane permeable nucleosides. Exhibits AMP-, NAD-, and NMN-nucleosidase activities; Belongs to the 5’-nucleotidase family (574 aa) | |||
GMPR | GMP reductase 1; Catalyzes the irreversible NADPH-dependent deamination of GMP to IMP. It functions in the conversion of nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide derivatives of G to A nucleotides, and in maintaining the intracellular balance of A and G nucleotides; Belongs to the IMPDH/GMPR family. GuaC type 1 subfamily (345 aa) | |||
PDE8B | High affinity cAMP-specific and IBMX-insensitive 3’,5’-cyclic phosphodiesterase 8B; Hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes. May be involved in specific signaling in the thyroid gland; Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family. PDE8 subfamily (885 aa) | |||
AK7 | Adenylate kinase 7; Nucleoside monophosphate (NMP) kinase that catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between nucleoside triphosphates and monophosphates. Has highest activity toward AMP, and weaker activity toward dAMP, CMP and dCMP. Also displays broad nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity. Involved in maintaining ciliary structure and function; In the C-terminal section; belongs to the dpy-30 family (723 aa) | |||
PDE3B | cGMP-inhibited 3’,5’-cyclic phosphodiesterase B; Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase with a dual- specificity for the second messengers cAMP and cGMP, which are key regulators of many important physiological processes. May play a role in fat metabolism. Regulates cAMP binding of RAPGEF3. Through simultaneous binding to RAPGEF3 and PIK3R6 assembles a signaling complex in which the PI3K gamma complex is activated by RAPGEF3 and which is involved in angiogenesis; Phosphodiesterases (1112 aa) | |||
PDE11A | Dual 3’,5’-cyclic-AMP and -GMP phosphodiesterase 11A; Plays a role in signal transduction by regulating the intracellular concentration of cyclic nucleotides cAMP and cGMP. Catalyzes the hydrolysis of both cAMP and cGMP to 5’-AMP and 5’- GMP, respectively; Phosphodiesterases (933 aa) | |||
DCK | Deoxycytidine kinase; Required for the phosphorylation of the deoxyribonucleosides deoxycytidine (dC), deoxyguanosine (dG) and deoxyadenosine (dA). Has broad substrate specificity, and does not display selectivity based on the chirality of the substrate. It is also an essential enzyme for the phosphorylation of numerous nucleoside analogs widely employed as antiviral and chemotherapeutic agents; Belongs to the DCK/DGK family (260 aa) | |||
AK8 | Adenylate kinase 8; Nucleoside monophosphate (NMP) kinase that catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between nucleoside triphosphates and monophosphates. Has highest activity toward AMP, and weaker activity toward dAMP, CMP and dCMP. Also displays broad nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity; Adenylate kinases (479 aa) | |||
ENTPD3 | Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 3; Has a threefold preference for the hydrolysis of ATP over ADP (529 aa) | |||
CANT1 | Soluble calcium-activated nucleotidase 1; Calcium-dependent nucleotidase with a preference for UDP. The order of activity with different substrates is UDP > GDP > UTP > GTP. Has very low activity towards ADP and even lower activity towards ATP. Does not hydrolyze AMP and GMP. Involved in proteoglycan synthesis (401 aa) | |||
PDE7B | cAMP-specific 3’,5’-cyclic phosphodiesterase 7B; Hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes. May be involved in the control of cAMP-mediated neural activity and cAMP metabolism in the brain; Phosphodiesterases (450 aa) | |||
PDE8A | High affinity cAMP-specific and IBMX-insensitive 3’,5’-cyclic phosphodiesterase 8A; Hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes. May be involved in maintaining basal levels of the cyclic nucleotide and/or in the cAMP regulation of germ cell development. Binding to RAF1 reduces RAF1 ’Ser- 259’ inhibitory-phosphorylation and stimulates RAF1-dependent EGF- activated ERK-signaling. Protects against cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide and staurosporine; Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family. PDE8 subfamily (829 aa) | |||
PDE4B | cAMP-specific 3’,5’-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B; Hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes. May be involved in mediating central nervous system effects of therapeutic agents ranging from antidepressants to antiasthmatic and anti-inflammatory agents; Phosphodiesterases (736 aa) | |||
PDE2A | cGMP-dependent 3’,5’-cyclic phosphodiesterase; Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase with a dual- specificity for the second messengers cAMP and cGMP, which are key regulators of many important physiological processes. Plays an important role in growth and invasion of malignant melanoma cells (e.g. pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) cell line) (941 aa) | |||
ENTPD5 | Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 5; Uridine diphosphatase (UDPase) that promotes protein N- glycosylation and ATP level regulation. UDP hydrolysis promotes protein N-glycosylation and folding in the endoplasmic reticulum, as well as elevated ATP consumption in the cytosol via an ATP hydrolysis cycle. Together with CMPK1 and AK1, constitutes an ATP hydrolysis cycle that converts ATP to AMP and results in a compensatory increase in aerobic glycolysis. The nucleotide hydrolyzing preference is GDP > IDP > UDP, but not any other nucleoside di-, mono- or triphosphates, nor thia [...] (428 aa) | |||
NT5C2 | Cytosolic purine 5’-nucleotidase; May have a critical role in the maintenance of a constant composition of intracellular purine/pyrimidine nucleotides in cooperation with other nucleotidases. Preferentially hydrolyzes inosine 5’-monophosphate (IMP) and other purine nucleotides; 5’-nucleotidases (561 aa) | |||
PDE4D | cAMP-specific 3’,5’-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D; Hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes; Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family. PDE4 subfamily (809 aa) | |||
AK5 | Adenylate kinase isoenzyme 5; Nucleoside monophosphate (NMP) kinase that catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between nucleoside triphosphates and monophosphates. Active on AMP and dAMP with ATP as a donor. When GTP is used as phosphate donor, the enzyme phosphorylates AMP, CMP, and to a small extent dCMP. Also displays broad nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity; Adenylate kinases (562 aa) | |||
AK2 | Adenylate kinase 2, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between ATP and AMP. Plays an important role in cellular energy homeostasis and in adenine nucleotide metabolism. Adenylate kinase activity is critical for regulation of the phosphate utilization and the AMP de novo biosynthesis pathways. Plays a key role in hematopoiesis (239 aa) | |||
PDE4C | cAMP-specific 3’,5’-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4C; Hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes; Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family. PDE4 subfamily (712 aa) | |||
APRT | Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase; Catalyzes a salvage reaction resulting in the formation of AMP, that is energically less costly than de novo synthesis (180 aa) |