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| EXOSC5 | Exosome complex component RRP46; Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3’->5’ exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding ’pervasive’ transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cyto [...] (235 aa) | |||
| LSM7 | U6 snRNA-associated Sm-like protein LSm7; Binds specifically to the 3’-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA and is probably a component of the spliceosome; Belongs to the snRNP Sm proteins family (103 aa) | |||
| MKRN1 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase makorin-1; E3 ubiquitin ligase catalyzing the covalent attachment of ubiquitin moieties onto substrate proteins. These substrates include FILIP1, p53/TP53, CDKN1A and TERT. Keeps cells alive by suppressing p53/TP53 under normal conditions, but stimulates apoptosis by repressing CDKN1A under stress conditions. Acts as a negative regulator of telomerase. Has negative and positive effects on RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription; Ring finger proteins (482 aa) | |||
| FHOD1 | FH1/FH2 domain-containing protein 1; Required for the assembly of F-actin structures, such as stress fibers. Depends on the Rho-ROCK cascade for its activity. Contributes to the coordination of microtubules with actin fibers and plays a role in cell elongation. Acts synergistically with ROCK1 to promote SRC-dependent non-apoptotic plasma membrane blebbing; Armadillo-like helical domain containing (1164 aa) | |||
| LSM1 | U6 snRNA-associated Sm-like protein LSm1; Plays a role in the degradation of histone mRNAs, the only eukaryotic mRNAs that are not polyadenylated. Probably also part of an LSm subunits- containing complex involved in the general process of mRNA degradation (By similarity); Belongs to the snRNP Sm proteins family (133 aa) | |||
| EXOSC4 | Exosome complex component RRP41; Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3’->5’ exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding ’pervasive’ transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cyto [...] (245 aa) | |||
| SUMO4 | Small ubiquitin-related modifier 4; Ubiquitin-like protein which can be covalently attached to target lysines as a monomer. Does not seem to be involved in protein degradation and may modulate protein subcellular localization, stability or activity. Upon oxidative stress, conjugates to various anti-oxidant enzymes, chaperones, and stress defense proteins. May also conjugate to NFKBIA, TFAP2A and FOS, negatively regulating their transcriptional activity, and to NR3C1, positively regulating its transcriptional activity. Covalent attachment to its substrates requires prior activation by t [...] (95 aa) | |||
| DIS3L | DIS3-like exonuclease 1; Putative cytoplasm-specific catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3’->5’ exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and specifically degrades inherently unstable mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs) within their 3’ untranslated regions, and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. It seems to be involved in degradation of histone mRNA (1054 aa) | |||
| EXOSC3 | Exosome complex component RRP40; Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3’->5’ exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding ’pervasive’ transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cyto [...] (275 aa) | |||
| FOXN3 | Forkhead box protein N3; Acts as a transcriptional repressor. May be involved in DNA damage-inducible cell cycle arrests (checkpoints); Forkhead boxes (490 aa) | |||
| UPF2 | Regulator of nonsense transcripts 2; Involved in nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of mRNAs containing premature stop codons by associating with the nuclear exon junction complex (EJC). Recruited by UPF3B associated with the EJC core at the cytoplasmic side of the nuclear envelope and the subsequent formation of an UPF1-UPF2-UPF3 surveillance complex (including UPF1 bound to release factors at the stalled ribosome) is believed to activate NMD. In cooperation with UPF3B stimulates both ATPase and RNA helicase activities of UPF1. Binds spliced mRNA (1272 aa) | |||
| RASSF1 | Ras association domain-containing protein 1; Potential tumor suppressor. Required for death receptor- dependent apoptosis. Mediates activation of STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1 during Fas-induced apoptosis by preventing their dephosphorylation. When associated with MOAP1, promotes BAX conformational change and translocation to mitochondrial membranes in response to TNF and TNFSF10 stimulation. Isoform A interacts with CDC20, an activator of the anaphase-promoting complex, APC, resulting in the inhibition of APC activity and mitotic progression. Inhibits proliferation by negatively regulating [...] (344 aa) | |||
| RWDD2A | RWD domain containing 2A (292 aa) | |||
| EXOSC1 | Exosome complex component CSL4; Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3’->5’ exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding ’pervasive’ transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytop [...] (195 aa) | |||
| EXOSC2 | Exosome complex component RRP4; Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3’->5’ exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding ’pervasive’ transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytop [...] (293 aa) | |||
| EXOSC10 | Exosome component 10; Putative catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3’->5’ exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding ’pervasive’ transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. [...] (885 aa) | |||
| XRN2 | 5’-3’ exoribonuclease 2; Possesses 5’->3’ exoribonuclease activity (By similarity). May promote the termination of transcription by RNA polymerase II. During transcription termination, cleavage at the polyadenylation site liberates a 5’ fragment which is subsequently processed to form the mature mRNA and a 3’ fragment which remains attached to the elongating polymerase. The processive degradation of this 3’ fragment by this protein may promote termination of transcription. Binds to RNA polymerase II (RNAp II) transcription termination R-loops formed by G-rich pause sites (950 aa) | |||
| DIS3 | Exosome complex exonuclease RRP44; Putative catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3’->5’ exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding ’pervasive’ transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to t [...] (958 aa) | |||
| TDP2 | Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 2; DNA repair enzyme that can remove a variety of covalent adducts from DNA through hydrolysis of a 5’-phosphodiester bond, giving rise to DNA with a free 5’ phosphate. Catalyzes the hydrolysis of dead-end complexes between DNA and the topoisomerase 2 (TOP2) active site tyrosine residue. The 5’-tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase activity can enable the repair of TOP2-induced DNA double-strand breaks/DSBs without the need for nuclease activity, creating a ’clean’ DSB with 5’-phosphate termini that are ready for ligation. Thereby, protects the transcription of ma [...] (362 aa) | |||
| EXOSC9 | Exosome complex component RRP45; Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3’->5’ exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding ’pervasive’ transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cyto [...] (456 aa) | |||
| EXOSC8 | Exosome complex component RRP43; Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3’->5’ exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding ’pervasive’ transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cyto [...] (276 aa) | |||
| SUMO1 | Small ubiquitin-related modifier 1; Ubiquitin-like protein that can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or a lysine-linked polymer. Covalent attachment via an isopeptide bond to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, and can be promoted by E3 ligases such as PIAS1-4, RANBP2 or CBX4. This post-translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Involved for instan [...] (101 aa) | |||
| CWC22 | Pre-mRNA-splicing factor CWC22 homolog; Required for pre-mRNA splicing and for exon-junction complex (EJC) assembly. Hinders EIF4A3 from non-specifically binding RNA and escorts it to the splicing machinery to promote EJC assembly on mature mRNAs. Through its role in EJC assembly, required for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay; Belongs to the CWC22 family (908 aa) | |||
| SUMO2 | Small ubiquitin-related modifier 2; Ubiquitin-like protein that can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. Covalent attachment via an isopeptide bond to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as PIAS1-4, RANBP2, CBX4 or ZNF451. This post-translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Polyme [...] (95 aa) | |||
| SUMO3 | Small ubiquitin-like modifier 3 (141 aa) | |||
| ZFP36 | mRNA decay activator protein ZFP36; Zinc-finger RNA-binding protein that destabilizes several cytoplasmic AU-rich element (ARE)-containing mRNA transcripts by promoting their poly(A) tail removal or deadenylation, and hence provide a mechanism for attenuating protein synthesis. Acts as an 3’-untranslated region (UTR) ARE mRNA-binding adapter protein to communicate signaling events to the mRNA decay machinery. Recruits deadenylase CNOT7 (and probably the CCR4-NOT complex) via association with CNOT1, and hence promotes ARE-mediated mRNA deadenylation. Functions also by recruiting compone [...] (332 aa) | |||
