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OXCT1 | Succinyl-CoA-3-ketoacid coenzyme A transferase 1, mitochondrial; Key enzyme for ketone body catabolism. Transfers the CoA moiety from succinate to acetoacetate. Formation of the enzyme-CoA intermediate proceeds via an unstable anhydride species formed between the carboxylate groups of the enzyme and substrate; Belongs to the 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase family (520 aa) | |||
NME4 | Nucleoside diphosphate kinase, mitochondrial; Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other than ATP. The ATP gamma phosphate is transferred to the NDP beta phosphate via a ping-pong mechanism, using a phosphorylated active-site intermediate. Through the catalyzed exchange of gamma- phosphate between di- and triphosphonucleosides participates in regulation of intracellular nucleotide homeostasis. Binds to anionic phospholipids, predominantly to cardiolipin; the binding inhibits its phosphotransfer activity. Acts as mitochondria-specific NDK; its association with cardiol [...] (187 aa) | |||
ECH1 | Delta(3,5)-Delta(2,4)-dienoyl-CoA isomerase, mitochondrial; Isomerization of 3-trans,5-cis-dienoyl-CoA to 2-trans,4- trans-dienoyl-CoA (328 aa) | |||
C1QBP | Complement component 1 Q subcomponent-binding protein, mitochondrial; Is believed to be a multifunctional and multicompartmental protein involved in inflammation and infection processes, ribosome biogenesis, regulation of apoptosis, transcriptional regulation and pre-mRNA splicing. At the cell surface is thought to act as an endothelial receptor for plasma proteins of the complement and kallikrein-kinin cascades. Putative receptor for C1q; specifically binds to the globular "heads" of C1q thus inhibiting C1; may perform the receptor function through a complex with C1qR/CD93. In complex [...] (282 aa) | |||
EHHADH | Peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme; enoyl-CoA hydratase and 3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase; In the C-terminal section; belongs to the 3- hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase family (723 aa) | |||
ATP5E | ATP synthase subunit epsilon, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of th [...] (51 aa) | |||
PMPCB | Mitochondrial-processing peptidase subunit beta; Cleaves presequences (transit peptides) from mitochondrial protein precursors; M16 metallopeptidases (489 aa) | |||
MCCC1 | Methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase subunit alpha, mitochondrial; Biotin-attachment subunit of the 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 3- methylcrotonyl-CoA to 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA, a critical step for leucine and isovaleric acid catabolism (725 aa) | |||
ACAT1 | Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, mitochondrial; Plays a major role in ketone body metabolism (427 aa) | |||
BCKDHA | 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase subunit alpha, mitochondrial; The branched-chain alpha-keto dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of alpha-keto acids to acyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components- branched-chain alpha-keto acid decarboxylase (E1), lipoamide acyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3) (445 aa) | |||
BDH2 | 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase type 2; Dehydrogenase that mediates the formation of 2,5- dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,5-DHBA), a siderophore that shares structural similarities with bacterial enterobactin and associates with LCN2, thereby playing a key role in iron homeostasis and transport. Also acts as a 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (By similarity); Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily (245 aa) | |||
HMGCS1 | Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase, cytoplasmic; This enzyme condenses acetyl-CoA with acetoacetyl-CoA to form HMG-CoA, which is the substrate for HMG-CoA reductase (520 aa) | |||
AACS | Acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase; Activates acetoacetate to acetoacetyl-CoA. May be involved in utilizing ketone body for the fatty acid-synthesis during adipose tissue development (By similarity); Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family (672 aa) | |||
SHMT2 | Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial; Contributes to the de novo mitochondrial thymidylate biosynthesis pathway via its role in glycine and tetrahydrofolate metabolism. Thymidylate biosynthesis is required to prevent uracil accumulation in mtDNA. Interconversion of serine and glycine. Associates with mitochondrial DNA. Plays a role in the deubiquitination of target proteins as component of the BRISC complex. Required for IFNAR1 deubiquitination by the BRISC complex; Belongs to the SHMT family (504 aa) | |||
ACAT2 | Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, cytosolic; acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 2 (397 aa) | |||
HMGCS2 | Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase, mitochondrial; This enzyme condenses acetyl-CoA with acetoacetyl-CoA to form HMG-CoA, which is the substrate for HMG-CoA reductase (508 aa) | |||
SLC25A5 | ADP/ATP translocase 2; Catalyzes the exchange of cytoplasmic ADP with mitochondrial ATP across the mitochondrial inner membrane. As part of the mitotic spindle-associated MMXD complex it may play a role in chromosome segregation; Solute carriers (298 aa) | |||
OXCT2 | Succinyl-CoA-3-ketoacid coenzyme A transferase 2, mitochondrial; Key enzyme for ketone body catabolism. Transfers the CoA moiety from succinate to acetoacetate. Formation of the enzyme-CoA intermediate proceeds via an unstable anhydride species formed between the carboxylate groups of the enzyme and substrate (By similarity); Belongs to the 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase family (517 aa) | |||
NFS1 | Cysteine desulfurase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the removal of elemental sulfur from cysteine to produce alanine. It supplies the inorganic sulfur for iron- sulfur (Fe-S) clusters. May be involved in the biosynthesis of molybdenum cofactor (457 aa) | |||
HMGCL | Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase, mitochondrial; Key enzyme in ketogenesis (ketone body formation). Terminal step in leucine catabolism. Ketone bodies (beta- hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate and acetone) are essential as an alternative source of energy to glucose, as lipid precursors and as regulators of metabolism (325 aa) | |||
PAK7 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 5; Serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a role in a variety of different signaling pathways including cytoskeleton regulation, cell migration, proliferation or cell survival. Activation by various effectors including growth factor receptors or active CDC42 and RAC1 results in a conformational change and a subsequent autophosphorylation on several serine and/or threonine residues. Phosphorylates the proto-oncogene RAF1 and stimulates its kinase activity. Promotes cell survival by phosphorylating the BCL2 antagonist of cell death BAD. Phosphoryla [...] (719 aa) | |||
BDH1 | D-beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial; Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily; Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family (343 aa) | |||
HMGCLL1 | 3-hydroxymethyl-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase, cytoplasmic; Non-mitochondrial 3-hydroxymethyl-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase that catalyzes a cation-dependent cleavage of (S)-3-hydroxy- 3-methylglutaryl-CoA into acetyl-CoA and acetoacetate, a key step in ketogenesis, the products of which support energy production in nonhepatic animal tissues (370 aa) | |||
ECHDC1 | Ethylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase; Decarboxylases ethylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase, a potentially toxic metabolite, to form butyryl-CoA, suggesting it might be involved in metabolite proofreading. Also has methylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase activity at lower level (307 aa) | |||
ATPAF1 | ATP synthase mitochondrial F1 complex assembly factor 1; May play an essential role for the assembly of the mitochondrial F1-F0 complex (351 aa) | |||
HADH | Hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase, mitochondrial; Plays an essential role in the mitochondrial beta- oxidation of short chain fatty acids. Exerts it highest activity toward 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA; Belongs to the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase family (331 aa) |