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| RHOV | Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoV; Plays a role in the control of the actin cytoskeleton via activation of the JNK pathway; Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family (236 aa) | |||
| RHOQ | Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoQ; Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses. Involved in epithelial cell polarization processes. May play a role in CFTR trafficking to the plasma membrane. Causes the formation of thin, actin-rich surface projections called filopodia; Rho family GTPases (205 aa) | |||
| RAC2 | Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2; Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses, such as secretory processes, phagocytose of apoptotic cells and epithelial cell polarization. Augments the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by NADPH oxidase (192 aa) | |||
| RHOF | Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoF; Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state. Causes the formation of thin, actin-rich surface projections called filopodia. Functions cooperatively with CDC42 and Rac to generate additional structures, increasing the diversity of actin- based morphology; Rho family GTPases (211 aa) | |||
| RHOB | Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoB; Mediates apoptosis in neoplastically transformed cells after DNA damage. Not essential for development but affects cell adhesion and growth factor signaling in transformed cells. Plays a negative role in tumorigenesis as deletion causes tumor formation. Involved in intracellular protein trafficking of a number of proteins. Targets PKN1 to endosomes and is involved in trafficking of the EGF receptor from late endosomes to lysosomes. Also required for stability and nuclear trafficking of AKT1/AKT which promotes endothelial cell survival during vascul [...] (196 aa) | |||
| RHOC | Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoC; Regulates a signal transduction pathway linking plasma membrane receptors to the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers. Serves as a microtubule-dependent signal that is required for the myosin contractile ring formation during cell cycle cytokinesis. Regulates apical junction formation in bronchial epithelial cells; Rho family GTPases (193 aa) | |||
| RAC3 | Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 3; Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses, such as cell spreading and the formation of actin-based protusions including lamellipodia and membrane ruffles. Promotes cell adhesion and spreading on fibrinogen in a CIB1 and alpha-IIb/beta3 integrin-mediated manner; Endogenous ligands (192 aa) | |||
| RHOD | Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoD; Involved in endosome dynamics. May coordinate membrane transport with the function of the cytoskeleton. Involved in the internalization and trafficking of activated tyrosine kinase receptors such as PDGFRB. Participates in the reorganization of actin cytoskeleton; the function seems to involve WHAMM and includes regulation of filopodia formation and actin filament bundling. Can modulate the effect of DAPK3 in reorganization of actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion dissolution; Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family (210 aa) | |||
| RHOJ | Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoJ; GTP-binding protein with GTPase activity. Elicits the formation of F-actin-rich structures in fibroblasts and is involved in the regulation of cell morphology (By similarity); Rho family GTPases (214 aa) | |||
| RHOT2 | Mitochondrial Rho GTPase 2; Mitochondrial GTPase involved in mitochondrial trafficking. Probably involved in control of anterograde transport of mitochondria and their subcellular distribution (By similarity) (618 aa) | |||
| RHOBTB1 | Rho-related BTB domain-containing protein 1; Rho related BTB domain containing 1 (696 aa) | |||
| RHOG | Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoG; Required for the formation of membrane ruffles during macropinocytosis. Plays a role in cell migration and is required for the formation of cup-like structures during trans-endothelial migration of leukocytes. In case of Salmonella enterica infection, activated by SopB and ARHGEF26/SGEF, which induces cytoskeleton rearrangements and promotes bacterial entry; Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family (191 aa) | |||
| ARL4C | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 4C; Small GTP-binding protein which cycles between an inactive GDP-bound and an active GTP-bound form, and the rate of cycling is regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAP). GTP-binding protein that does not act as an allosteric activator of the cholera toxin catalytic subunit. May be involved in transport between a perinuclear compartment and the plasma membrane, apparently linked to the ABCA1-mediated cholesterol secretion pathway. Recruits CYTH1, CYTH2, CYTH3 and CYTH4 to the plasma membrane in the [...] (201 aa) | |||
| RAC1 | Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1; Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states. In its active state, binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses such as secretory processes, phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, epithelial cell polarization and growth-factor induced formation of membrane ruffles. Rac1 p21/rho GDI heterodimer is the active component of the cytosolic factor sigma 1, which is involved in stimulation of the NADPH oxidase activity in macrophages. Essential for the SPATA13-mediated [...] (211 aa) | |||
| RHOT1 | Mitochondrial Rho GTPase 1; Mitochondrial GTPase involved in mitochondrial trafficking. Probably involved in control of anterograde transport of mitochondria and their subcellular distribution; EF-hand domain containing (691 aa) | |||
| ARHGEF10L | Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10-like protein; Acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RHOA, RHOB and RHOC (1279 aa) | |||
| RHOU | Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoU; Acts upstream of PAK1 to regulate the actin cytoskeleton, adhesion turnover and increase cell migration. Stimulates quiescent cells to reenter the cell cycle. Has no detectable GTPase activity but its high intrinsic guanine nucleotide exchange activity suggests it is constitutively GTP- bound. Plays a role in the regulation of cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization. Required in the control of cell shape; Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family (258 aa) | |||
| NCS1 | Neuronal calcium sensor 1; Neuronal calcium sensor, regulator of G protein-coupled receptor phosphorylation in a calcium dependent manner. Directly regulates GRK1 (RHOK), but not GRK2 to GRK5. Can substitute for calmodulin (By similarity). Stimulates PI4KB kinase activity (By similarity). Involved in long-term synaptic plasticity through its interaction with PICK1 (By similarity). May also play a role in neuron differentiation through inhibition of the activity of N- type voltage-gated calcium channel (By similarity); Belongs to the recoverin family (190 aa) | |||
| HPCA | Neuron-specific calcium-binding protein hippocalcin; Calcium-binding protein that may play a role in the regulation of voltage-dependent calcium channels. May also play a role in cyclic-nucleotide- mediated signaling through the regulation of adenylate and guanylate cyclases (By similarity); Belongs to the recoverin family (193 aa) | |||
| RHOH | Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoH; Negative regulator of hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation, survival and migration. Critical regulator of thymocyte development and T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) signaling by mediating recruitment and activation of ZAP70. Required for phosphorylation of CD3Z, membrane translocation of ZAP70 and subsequent activation of the ZAP70-mediated pathways. Essential for efficient beta-selection and positive selection by promoting the ZAP70-dependent phosphorylation of the LAT signalosome during pre-TCR and TCR signaling. Crucial for thymocyte maturat [...] (191 aa) | |||
| CDC42 | Cell division control protein 42 homolog; Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses. Involved in epithelial cell polarization processes. Regulates the bipolar attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochores before chromosome congression in metaphase. Plays a role in the extension and maintenance of the formation of thin, actin-rich surface projections called filopodia. Mediates CDC42-dependent cell migration. Required for DOCK [...] (191 aa) | |||
| RHOA | Transforming protein RhoA; Regulates a signal transduction pathway linking plasma membrane receptors to the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers. Involved in a microtubule-dependent signal that is required for the myosin contractile ring formation during cell cycle cytokinesis. Plays an essential role in cleavage furrow formation. Required for the apical junction formation of keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion. Stimulates PKN2 kinase activity. May be an activator of PLCE1. Activated by ARHGEF2, which promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP. Essential for the SPATA13-mediated r [...] (193 aa) | |||
| RHOBTB2 | Rho-related BTB domain-containing protein 2; Rho related BTB domain containing 2 (749 aa) | |||
| MYL6 | Myosin light polypeptide 6; Regulatory light chain of myosin. Does not bind calcium; EF-hand domain containing (151 aa) | |||
| MYL6B | Myosin light chain 6B; Regulatory light chain of myosin. Does not bind calcium; EF-hand domain containing (208 aa) | |||
