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| PYCRL | Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 3; Enzyme that catalyzes the last step in proline biosynthesis. Proline is synthesized from either glutamate or ornithine; both are converted to pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C), and then to proline via pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductases (PYCRs). PYCRL is exclusively linked to the conversion of ornithine to proline (286 aa) | |||
| EHHADH | Peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme; enoyl-CoA hydratase and 3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase; In the C-terminal section; belongs to the 3- hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase family (723 aa) | |||
| MSH2 | DNA mismatch repair protein Msh2; Component of the post-replicative DNA mismatch repair system (MMR). Forms two different heterodimers- MutS alpha (MSH2- MSH6 heterodimer) and MutS beta (MSH2-MSH3 heterodimer) which binds to DNA mismatches thereby initiating DNA repair. When bound, heterodimers bend the DNA helix and shields approximately 20 base pairs. MutS alpha recognizes single base mismatches and dinucleotide insertion-deletion loops (IDL) in the DNA. MutS beta recognizes larger insertion-deletion loops up to 13 nucleotides long. After mismatch binding, MutS alpha or beta forms a [...] (934 aa) | |||
| SCO1 | Protein SCO1 homolog, mitochondrial; Thought to play a role in cellular copper homeostasis, mitochondrial redox signaling or insertion of copper into the active site of COX; Belongs to the SCO1/2 family (301 aa) | |||
| MAPK3 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3; Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1 are the 2 MAPKs which play an important role in the MAPK/ERK cascade. They participate also in a signaling cascade initiated by activated KIT and KITLG/SCF. Depending on the cellular context, the MAPK/ERK cascade mediates diverse biological functions such as cell growth, adhesion, survival and differentiation through the regulation of transcription, translation, cytoskeletal rearrangements. The MAPK/ERK cascade plays a [...] (379 aa) | |||
| SKA1 | Spindle and kinetochore-associated protein 1; Component of the SKA1 complex, a microtubule-binding subcomplex of the outer kinetochore that is essential for proper chromosome segregation. Required for timely anaphase onset during mitosis, when chromosomes undergo bipolar attachment on spindle microtubules leading to silencing of the spindle checkpoint. The SKA1 complex is a direct component of the kinetochore-microtubule interface and directly associates with microtubules as oligomeric assemblies. The complex facilitates the processive movement of microspheres along a microtubule in a [...] (255 aa) | |||
| UBR1 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase UBR1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which is a component of the N-end rule pathway. Recognizes and binds to proteins bearing specific N-terminal residues that are destabilizing according to the N-end rule, leading to their ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. May be involved in pancreatic homeostasis. Binds leucine and is a negative regulator of the leucine-mTOR signaling pathway, thereby controlling cell growth; Belongs to the UBR1 family (1749 aa) | |||
| ECI1 | Enoyl-CoA delta isomerase 1, mitochondrial; Able to isomerize both 3-cis and 3-trans double bonds into the 2-trans form in a range of enoyl-CoA species (302 aa) | |||
| SFXN1 | Sideroflexin-1; Might be involved in the transport of a component required for iron utilization into or out of the mitochondria; Sideroflexins (322 aa) | |||
| SKA3 | Spindle and kinetochore-associated protein 3; Component of the SKA1 complex, a microtubule-binding subcomplex of the outer kinetochore that is essential for proper chromosome segregation. The SKA1 complex is a direct component of the kinetochore-microtubule interface and directly associates with microtubules as oligomeric assemblies. The complex facilitates the processive movement of microspheres along a microtubule in a depolymerization-coupled manner. In the complex, it mediates the microtubule-stimulated oligomerization. Affinity for microtubules is synergistically enhanced in the p [...] (412 aa) | |||
| KCND3 | Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3; Pore-forming (alpha) subunit of voltage-gated rapidly inactivating A-type potassium channels. May contribute to I(To) current in heart and I(Sa) current in neurons. Channel properties are modulated by interactions with other alpha subunits and with regulatory subunits; Belongs to the potassium channel family. D (Shal) (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv4.3/KCND3 sub-subfamily (655 aa) | |||
| COPB2 | Coatomer subunit beta; The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non- clathrin-coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. Coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins. In mammals, the coatomer can only be recruited by membranes associated to ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs), which are small GTP-binding proteins; the complex also infl [...] (906 aa) | |||
| NPLOC4 | Nuclear protein localization protein 4 homolog; The ternary complex containing UFD1, VCP and NPLOC4 binds ubiquitinated proteins and is necessary for the export of misfolded proteins from the ER to the cytoplasm, where they are degraded by the proteasome. The NPLOC4-UFD1-VCP complex regulates spindle disassembly at the end of mitosis and is necessary for the formation of a closed nuclear envelope (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of type I interferon production via the complex formed with VCP and UFD1, which binds to DDX58/RIG-I and recruits RNF125 to promote ubiquitination [...] (608 aa) | |||
| PYCR2 | Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 2; Housekeeping enzyme that catalyzes the last step in proline biosynthesis. In some cell types, such as erythrocytes, its primary function may be the generation of NADP(+). Can utilize both NAD and NADP. Has higher affinity for NADP, but higher catalytic efficiency with NADH. Involved in cellular response to oxidative stress (320 aa) | |||
| MYO1F | Unconventional myosin-If; Myosins are actin-based motor molecules with ATPase activity. Unconventional myosins serve in intracellular movements. Their highly divergent tails are presumed to bind to membranous compartments, which would be moved relative to actin filaments (By similarity); Myosins, class I (1098 aa) | |||
| POX2 | Proline dehydrogenase; Converts proline to delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate; Belongs to the proline oxidase family (600 aa) | |||
| AHNAK2 | AHNAK nucleoprotein 2; PDZ domain containing (5795 aa) | |||
| CDC16 | Cell division cycle protein 16 homolog; Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins- it mainly mediates the formation of ’Lys-11’-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of ’Lys-48’- and ’Lys-63’-linked polyubiquitin chains; Belongs to the APC6/CDC16 family (620 aa) | |||
| UBR2 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase UBR2; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which is a component of the N-end rule pathway. Recognizes and binds to proteins bearing specific N-terminal residues that are destabilizing according to the N-end rule, leading to their ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Plays a critical role in chromatin inactivation and chromosome-wide transcriptional silencing during meiosis via ubiquitination of histone H2A. Binds leucine and is a negative regulator of the leucine-mTOR signaling pathway, thereby controlling cell growth. Required for spermatogenesis, promotes, wi [...] (1755 aa) | |||
| HADHA | Trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha, mitochondrial; Bifunctional subunit; In the central section; belongs to the 3-hydroxyacyl- CoA dehydrogenase family (763 aa) | |||
| CDC23 | Cell division cycle protein 23 homolog; Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins- it mainly mediates the formation of ’Lys-11’-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of ’Lys-48’- and ’Lys-63’-linked polyubiquitin chains; Belongs to the APC8/CDC23 family (597 aa) | |||
| PYCR1 | Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1, mitochondrial; Housekeeping enzyme that catalyzes the last step in proline biosynthesis. Can utilize both NAD and NADP, but has higher affinity for NAD. Involved in the cellular response to oxidative stress (346 aa) | |||
| NUDT5 | ADP-sugar pyrophosphatase; Enzyme that can either act as an ADP-sugar pyrophosphatase in absence of diphosphate or catalyze the synthesis of ATP in presence of diphosphate. In absence of diphosphate, hydrolyzes with similar activities various modified nucleoside diphosphates such as ADP-ribose, ADP-mannose, ADP-glucose, 8-oxo-GDP and 8-oxo-dGDP. Can also hydrolyze other nucleotide sugars with low activity. In presence of diphosphate, mediates the synthesis of ATP in the nucleus by catalyzing the conversion of ADP-ribose to ATP and ribose 5- phosphate. Nuclear ATP synthesis takes place [...] (219 aa) | |||
| MYO18A | Unconventional myosin-XVIIIa; May link Golgi membranes to the cytoskeleton and participate in the tensile force required for vesicle budding from the Golgi. Thereby, may play a role in Golgi membrane trafficking and could indirectly give its flattened shape to the Golgi apparatus. Alternatively, in concert with LURAP1 and CDC42BPA/CDC42BPB, has been involved in modulating lamellar actomyosin retrograde flow that is crucial to cell protrusion and migration. May be involved in the maintenance of the stromal cell architectures required for cell to cell contact (By similarity). Regulates t [...] (2054 aa) | |||
| COX4I1 | Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial; This protein is one of the nuclear-coded polypeptide chains of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase in mitochondrial electron transport (169 aa) | |||
| PIG6 | Proline dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial; Converts proline to delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate; Belongs to the proline oxidase family (600 aa) | |||
