Arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2; GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for ARF1 and ARF5, which also shows strong GTPase activity. Isoform 1 participates in the prevention of neuronal apoptosis by enhancing PI3 kinase activity. It aids the coupling of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (GRM1) to cytoplasmic PI3 kinase by interacting with Homer scaffolding proteins, and also seems to mediate anti-apoptotic effects of NGF by activating nuclear PI3 kinase. Isoform 2 does not stimulate PI3 kinase but may protect cells from apoptosis by stimulating Akt. It also r [...]

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1; G-protein coupled receptor for glutamate. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Signaling activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. May participate in the central action of glutamate in the CNS, such as long-term potentiation in the hippocampus and long-term depression in the cerebellum

Arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2; GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for ARF1 and ARF5, which also shows strong GTPase activity. Isoform 1 participates in the prevention of neuronal apoptosis by enhancing PI3 kinase activity. It aids the coupling of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (GRM1) to cytoplasmic PI3 kinase by interacting with Homer scaffolding proteins, and also seems to mediate anti-apoptotic effects of NGF by activating nuclear PI3 kinase. Isoform 2 does not stimulate PI3 kinase but may protect cells from apoptosis by stimulating Akt. It also r [...]

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5; G-protein coupled receptor for glutamate. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Signaling activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system and generates a calcium-activated chloride current. Plays an important role in the regulation of synaptic plasticity and the modulation of the neural network activity; Glutamate metabotropic receptors

Arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2; GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for ARF1 and ARF5, which also shows strong GTPase activity. Isoform 1 participates in the prevention of neuronal apoptosis by enhancing PI3 kinase activity. It aids the coupling of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (GRM1) to cytoplasmic PI3 kinase by interacting with Homer scaffolding proteins, and also seems to mediate anti-apoptotic effects of NGF by activating nuclear PI3 kinase. Isoform 2 does not stimulate PI3 kinase but may protect cells from apoptosis by stimulating Akt. It also r [...]

Homer protein homolog 1; Postsynaptic density scaffolding protein. Binds and cross-links cytoplasmic regions of GRM1, GRM5, ITPR1, DNM3, RYR1, RYR2, SHANK1 and SHANK3. By physically linking GRM1 and GRM5 with ER-associated ITPR1 receptors, it aids the coupling of surface receptors to intracellular calcium release. May also couple GRM1 to PI3 kinase through its interaction with AGAP2. Isoform 1 regulates the trafficking and surface expression of GRM5. Isoform 3 acts as a natural dominant negative, in dynamic competition with constitutively expressed isoform 1 to regulate synaptic metabo [...]

Arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2; GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for ARF1 and ARF5, which also shows strong GTPase activity. Isoform 1 participates in the prevention of neuronal apoptosis by enhancing PI3 kinase activity. It aids the coupling of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (GRM1) to cytoplasmic PI3 kinase by interacting with Homer scaffolding proteins, and also seems to mediate anti-apoptotic effects of NGF by activating nuclear PI3 kinase. Isoform 2 does not stimulate PI3 kinase but may protect cells from apoptosis by stimulating Akt. It also r [...]

Homer protein homolog 2; Postsynaptic density scaffolding protein. Binds and cross-links cytoplasmic regions of GRM1, GRM5, ITPR1, DNM3, RYR1, RYR2, SHANK1 and SHANK3. By physically linking GRM1 and GRM5 with ER-associated ITPR1 receptors, it aids the coupling of surface receptors to intracellular calcium release. May also couple GRM1 to PI3 kinase through its interaction with AGAP2. Isoforms can be differently regulated and may play an important role in maintaining the plasticity at glutamatergic synapses. Required for normal hearing; Deafness associated genes

Arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2; GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for ARF1 and ARF5, which also shows strong GTPase activity. Isoform 1 participates in the prevention of neuronal apoptosis by enhancing PI3 kinase activity. It aids the coupling of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (GRM1) to cytoplasmic PI3 kinase by interacting with Homer scaffolding proteins, and also seems to mediate anti-apoptotic effects of NGF by activating nuclear PI3 kinase. Isoform 2 does not stimulate PI3 kinase but may protect cells from apoptosis by stimulating Akt. It also r [...]

SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains protein 1; Seems to be an adapter protein in the postsynaptic density (PSD) of excitatory synapses that interconnects receptors of the postsynaptic membrane including NMDA-type and metabotropic glutamate receptors via complexes with GKAP/PSD-95 and Homer, respectively, and the actin-based cytoskeleton. Plays a role in the structural and functional organization of the dendritic spine and synaptic junction; Ankyrin repeat domain containing

Specifically androgen-regulated gene protein; Putative androgen-specific receptor; Belongs to the SARG family

Homer protein homolog 1; Postsynaptic density scaffolding protein. Binds and cross-links cytoplasmic regions of GRM1, GRM5, ITPR1, DNM3, RYR1, RYR2, SHANK1 and SHANK3. By physically linking GRM1 and GRM5 with ER-associated ITPR1 receptors, it aids the coupling of surface receptors to intracellular calcium release. May also couple GRM1 to PI3 kinase through its interaction with AGAP2. Isoform 1 regulates the trafficking and surface expression of GRM5. Isoform 3 acts as a natural dominant negative, in dynamic competition with constitutively expressed isoform 1 to regulate synaptic metabo [...]

Drebrin; Drebrins might play some role in cell migration, extension of neuronal processes and plasticity of dendrites. Required for actin polymerization at immunological synapses (IS) and for CXCR4 recruitment to IS

Homer protein homolog 1; Postsynaptic density scaffolding protein. Binds and cross-links cytoplasmic regions of GRM1, GRM5, ITPR1, DNM3, RYR1, RYR2, SHANK1 and SHANK3. By physically linking GRM1 and GRM5 with ER-associated ITPR1 receptors, it aids the coupling of surface receptors to intracellular calcium release. May also couple GRM1 to PI3 kinase through its interaction with AGAP2. Isoform 1 regulates the trafficking and surface expression of GRM5. Isoform 3 acts as a natural dominant negative, in dynamic competition with constitutively expressed isoform 1 to regulate synaptic metabo [...]

Drebrin; Drebrins might play some role in cell migration, extension of neuronal processes and plasticity of dendrites. Required for actin polymerization at immunological synapses (IS) and for CXCR4 recruitment to IS

Homer protein homolog 2; Postsynaptic density scaffolding protein. Binds and cross-links cytoplasmic regions of GRM1, GRM5, ITPR1, DNM3, RYR1, RYR2, SHANK1 and SHANK3. By physically linking GRM1 and GRM5 with ER-associated ITPR1 receptors, it aids the coupling of surface receptors to intracellular calcium release. May also couple GRM1 to PI3 kinase through its interaction with AGAP2. Isoforms can be differently regulated and may play an important role in maintaining the plasticity at glutamatergic synapses. Required for normal hearing; Deafness associated genes

Drebrin; Drebrins might play some role in cell migration, extension of neuronal processes and plasticity of dendrites. Required for actin polymerization at immunological synapses (IS) and for CXCR4 recruitment to IS

Homer protein homolog 3; Postsynaptic density scaffolding protein. Binds and cross-links cytoplasmic regions of GRM1, GRM5, ITPR1, DNM3, RYR1, RYR2, SHANK1 and SHANK3. By physically linking GRM1 and GRM5 with ER-associated ITPR1 receptors, it aids the coupling of surface receptors to intracellular calcium release. Isoforms can be differently regulated and may play an important role in maintaining the plasticity at glutamatergic synapses; Belongs to the Homer family

Drebrin-like protein; Adapter protein that binds F-actin and DNM1, and thereby plays a role in receptor-mediated endocytosis. Plays a role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, formation of cell projections, such as neurites, in neuron morphogenesis and synapse formation via its interaction with WASL and COBL. Does not bind G- actin and promote actin polymerization by itself. Required for the formation of organized podosome rosettes (By similarity). May act as a common effector of antigen receptor-signaling pathways in leukocytes. Acts as a key component of the immunological [...]

Homer protein homolog 1; Postsynaptic density scaffolding protein. Binds and cross-links cytoplasmic regions of GRM1, GRM5, ITPR1, DNM3, RYR1, RYR2, SHANK1 and SHANK3. By physically linking GRM1 and GRM5 with ER-associated ITPR1 receptors, it aids the coupling of surface receptors to intracellular calcium release. May also couple GRM1 to PI3 kinase through its interaction with AGAP2. Isoform 1 regulates the trafficking and surface expression of GRM5. Isoform 3 acts as a natural dominant negative, in dynamic competition with constitutively expressed isoform 1 to regulate synaptic metabo [...]

Drebrin-like protein; Adapter protein that binds F-actin and DNM1, and thereby plays a role in receptor-mediated endocytosis. Plays a role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, formation of cell projections, such as neurites, in neuron morphogenesis and synapse formation via its interaction with WASL and COBL. Does not bind G- actin and promote actin polymerization by itself. Required for the formation of organized podosome rosettes (By similarity). May act as a common effector of antigen receptor-signaling pathways in leukocytes. Acts as a key component of the immunological [...]

SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains protein 1; Seems to be an adapter protein in the postsynaptic density (PSD) of excitatory synapses that interconnects receptors of the postsynaptic membrane including NMDA-type and metabotropic glutamate receptors via complexes with GKAP/PSD-95 and Homer, respectively, and the actin-based cytoskeleton. Plays a role in the structural and functional organization of the dendritic spine and synaptic junction; Ankyrin repeat domain containing

Dynamin-3; Microtubule-associated force-producing protein involved in producing microtubule bundles and able to bind and hydrolyze GTP. Most probably involved in vesicular trafficking processes, in particular endocytosis (By similarity); Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family

Glutamate receptor 1; Ionotropic glutamate receptor. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L- glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist. In the presence of CACNG4 or CACNG7 or CACNG8, shows resensitization which is characterized by a delayed accumulat [...]

Dynamin-3; Microtubule-associated force-producing protein involved in producing microtubule bundles and able to bind and hydrolyze GTP. Most probably involved in vesicular trafficking processes, in particular endocytosis (By similarity); Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family

Homer protein homolog 1; Postsynaptic density scaffolding protein. Binds and cross-links cytoplasmic regions of GRM1, GRM5, ITPR1, DNM3, RYR1, RYR2, SHANK1 and SHANK3. By physically linking GRM1 and GRM5 with ER-associated ITPR1 receptors, it aids the coupling of surface receptors to intracellular calcium release. May also couple GRM1 to PI3 kinase through its interaction with AGAP2. Isoform 1 regulates the trafficking and surface expression of GRM5. Isoform 3 acts as a natural dominant negative, in dynamic competition with constitutively expressed isoform 1 to regulate synaptic metabo [...]

Dynamin-3; Microtubule-associated force-producing protein involved in producing microtubule bundles and able to bind and hydrolyze GTP. Most probably involved in vesicular trafficking processes, in particular endocytosis (By similarity); Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family

Syntaxin-12; SNARE that acts to regulate protein transport between late endosomes and the trans-Golgi network. The SNARE complex containing STX6, STX12, VAMP4 and VTI1A mediates vesicle fusion (in vitro) (By similarity). Through complex formation with GRIP1, GRIA2 and NSG1 controls the intracellular fate of AMPAR and the endosomal sorting of the GRIA2 subunit toward recycling and membrane targeting (By similarity); Belongs to the syntaxin family

Ephrin-B2; Cell surface transmembrane ligand for Eph receptors, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which are crucial for migration, repulsion and adhesion during neuronal, vascular and epithelial development. Binds promiscuously Eph receptors residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Binds to receptor tyrosine kinase including EPHA4, EPHA3 an [...]

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1; G-protein coupled receptor for glutamate. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Signaling activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. May participate in the central action of glutamate in the CNS, such as long-term potentiation in the hippocampus and long-term depression in the cerebellum

Ephrin-B2; Cell surface transmembrane ligand for Eph receptors, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which are crucial for migration, repulsion and adhesion during neuronal, vascular and epithelial development. Binds promiscuously Eph receptors residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Binds to receptor tyrosine kinase including EPHA4, EPHA3 an [...]

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5; G-protein coupled receptor for glutamate. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Signaling activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system and generates a calcium-activated chloride current. Plays an important role in the regulation of synaptic plasticity and the modulation of the neural network activity; Glutamate metabotropic receptors

Ephrin-B2; Cell surface transmembrane ligand for Eph receptors, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which are crucial for migration, repulsion and adhesion during neuronal, vascular and epithelial development. Binds promiscuously Eph receptors residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Binds to receptor tyrosine kinase including EPHA4, EPHA3 an [...]

Homer protein homolog 1; Postsynaptic density scaffolding protein. Binds and cross-links cytoplasmic regions of GRM1, GRM5, ITPR1, DNM3, RYR1, RYR2, SHANK1 and SHANK3. By physically linking GRM1 and GRM5 with ER-associated ITPR1 receptors, it aids the coupling of surface receptors to intracellular calcium release. May also couple GRM1 to PI3 kinase through its interaction with AGAP2. Isoform 1 regulates the trafficking and surface expression of GRM5. Isoform 3 acts as a natural dominant negative, in dynamic competition with constitutively expressed isoform 1 to regulate synaptic metabo [...]

Protocadherin Fat 1; Plays an essential role for cellular polarization, directed cell migration and modulating cell-cell contact; Cadherin related

Homer protein homolog 1; Postsynaptic density scaffolding protein. Binds and cross-links cytoplasmic regions of GRM1, GRM5, ITPR1, DNM3, RYR1, RYR2, SHANK1 and SHANK3. By physically linking GRM1 and GRM5 with ER-associated ITPR1 receptors, it aids the coupling of surface receptors to intracellular calcium release. May also couple GRM1 to PI3 kinase through its interaction with AGAP2. Isoform 1 regulates the trafficking and surface expression of GRM5. Isoform 3 acts as a natural dominant negative, in dynamic competition with constitutively expressed isoform 1 to regulate synaptic metabo [...]

Protocadherin Fat 1; Plays an essential role for cellular polarization, directed cell migration and modulating cell-cell contact; Cadherin related

Homer protein homolog 3; Postsynaptic density scaffolding protein. Binds and cross-links cytoplasmic regions of GRM1, GRM5, ITPR1, DNM3, RYR1, RYR2, SHANK1 and SHANK3. By physically linking GRM1 and GRM5 with ER-associated ITPR1 receptors, it aids the coupling of surface receptors to intracellular calcium release. Isoforms can be differently regulated and may play an important role in maintaining the plasticity at glutamatergic synapses; Belongs to the Homer family

Protein furry homolog-like; Plays a key role in maintaining the integrity of polarized cell extensions during morphogenesis, regulates the actin cytoskeleton and plays a key role in patterning sensory neuron dendritic fields by promoting avoidance between homologous dendrites as well as by limiting dendritic branching (By similarity). May function as a transcriptional activator; Belongs to the furry protein family

Homer protein homolog 1; Postsynaptic density scaffolding protein. Binds and cross-links cytoplasmic regions of GRM1, GRM5, ITPR1, DNM3, RYR1, RYR2, SHANK1 and SHANK3. By physically linking GRM1 and GRM5 with ER-associated ITPR1 receptors, it aids the coupling of surface receptors to intracellular calcium release. May also couple GRM1 to PI3 kinase through its interaction with AGAP2. Isoform 1 regulates the trafficking and surface expression of GRM5. Isoform 3 acts as a natural dominant negative, in dynamic competition with constitutively expressed isoform 1 to regulate synaptic metabo [...]