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| AGXT2 | Alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial; Can metabolize asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) via transamination to alpha-keto-delta-(NN-dimethylguanidino) valeric acid (DMGV). ADMA is a potent inhibitor of nitric-oxide (NO) synthase, and this activity provides mechanism through which the kidney regulates blood pressure; Belongs to the class-III pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family (514 aa) | |||
| ALDH3B2 | Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member B2; Oxidizes medium and long chain aldehydes into non-toxic fatty acids; Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family (385 aa) | |||
| ALDH2 | Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial; Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member; Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family (517 aa) | |||
| DPYS | Dihydropyrimidinase; Catalyzes the second step of the reductive pyrimidine degradation, the reversible hydrolytic ring opening of dihydropyrimidines. Can catalyze the ring opening of 5,6- dihydrouracil to N-carbamyl-alanine and of 5,6-dihydrothymine to N-carbamyl-amino isobutyrate (519 aa) | |||
| IMMP1L | Mitochondrial inner membrane protease subunit 1; Catalyzes the removal of transit peptides required for the targeting of proteins from the mitochondrial matrix, across the inner membrane, into the inter-membrane space. Known to process the nuclear encoded protein DIABLO (166 aa) | |||
| GADL1 | Acidic amino acid decarboxylase GADL1; May catalyze the decarboxylation of aspartate, cysteine sulfinic acid, and cysteic acid to beta-alanine, hypotaurine and taurine, respectively. Does not exhibit any decarboxylation activity toward glutamate; Belongs to the group II decarboxylase family (521 aa) | |||
| TTC27 | Tetratricopeptide repeat domain containing; Belongs to the TTC27 family (843 aa) | |||
| UPB1 | Beta-ureidopropionase; Converts N-carbamoyl-beta-aminoisobutyrate and N- carbamoyl-beta-alanine (3-ureidopropanoate) to, respectively, beta-aminoisobutyrate and beta-alanine, ammonia and carbon dioxide (384 aa) | |||
| CNDP2 | Cytosolic non-specific dipeptidase; Hydrolyzes a variety of dipeptides including L-carnosine but has a strong preference for Cys-Gly. Acts as a functional tumor suppressor in gastric cancer via activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. An elevated level of CNDP2 activates the p38 and JNK MAPK pathways to induce cell apoptosis, and a lower level of CNDP2 activates the ERK MAPK pathway to promote cell proliferation. Isoform 2 may play a role as tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Catalyzes the production of N- lactoyl-amino acids from lactat [...] (475 aa) | |||
| ALDH1A3 | Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A3; NAD-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase that catalyzes the formation of retinoic acid. Has high activity with all-trans retinal, and has much lower in vitro activity with acetaldehyde. Required for the biosynthesis of normal levels of retinoic acid in the embryonic ocular and nasal regions; retinoic acid is required for normal embryonic development of the eye and the nasal region (By similarity) (512 aa) | |||
| ALDH3A2 | Fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the oxidation of long-chain aliphatic aldehydes to fatty acids. Active on a variety of saturated and unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes between 6 and 24 carbons in length. Responsible for conversion of the sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) degradation product hexadecenal to hexadecenoic acid (508 aa) | |||
| ALDH9A1 | 4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase; Converts gamma-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde into gamma- butyrobetaine. Catalyzes the irreversible oxidation of a broad range of aldehydes to the corresponding acids in an NAD-dependent reaction (518 aa) | |||
| GAD1 | Glutamate decarboxylase 1; Catalyzes the production of GABA; Belongs to the group II decarboxylase family (594 aa) | |||
| CNDP1 | Carnosine dipeptidase 1; Belongs to the peptidase M20A family (507 aa) | |||
| C6orf211 | Protein-glutamate O-methyltransferase; O-methyltransferase that methylates glutamate residues of target proteins to form gamma-glutamyl methyl ester residues. Methylates PCNA, suggesting it is involved in the DNA damage response (441 aa) | |||
| AMD1 | S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme; Essential for biosynthesis of the polyamines spermidine and spermine. Promotes maintenance and self-renewal of embryonic stem cells, by maintaining spermine levels; Belongs to the eukaryotic AdoMetDC family (334 aa) | |||
| DPYD | Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase [NADP(+)]; Involved in pyrimidine base degradation. Catalyzes the reduction of uracil and thymine. Also involved the degradation of the chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil; Belongs to the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase family (1025 aa) | |||
| AOX1 | Aldehyde oxidase; Oxidase with broad substrate specificity, oxidizing aromatic azaheterocycles, such as N1-methylnicotinamide, N- methylphthalazinium and phthalazine, as well as aldehydes, such as benzaldehyde, retinal, pyridoxal, and vanillin. Plays a key role in the metabolism of xenobiotics and drugs containing aromatic azaheterocyclic substituents. Participates in the bioactivation of prodrugs such as famciclovir, catalyzing the oxidation step from 6-deoxypenciclovir to penciclovir, which is a potent antiviral agent. Is probably involved in the regulation of reactive oxygen species [...] (1338 aa) | |||
| GAD2 | Glutamate decarboxylase 2; Catalyzes the production of GABA (585 aa) | |||
| ALDH1B1 | Aldehyde dehydrogenase X, mitochondrial; ALDHs play a major role in the detoxification of alcohol-derived acetaldehyde. They are involved in the metabolism of corticosteroids, biogenic amines, neurotransmitters, and lipid peroxidation (517 aa) | |||
| ABAT | 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the conversion of gamma-aminobutyrate and L- beta-aminoisobutyrate to succinate semialdehyde and methylmalonate semialdehyde, respectively. Can also convert delta-aminovalerate and beta-alanine; Belongs to the class-III pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family (500 aa) | |||
| ALDH7A1 | Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase; Multifunctional enzyme mediating important protective effects. Metabolizes betaine aldehyde to betaine, an important cellular osmolyte and methyl donor. Protects cells from oxidative stress by metabolizing a number of lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes. Involved in lysine catabolism (539 aa) | |||
| CARNS1 | Carnosine synthase 1; Catalyzes the synthesis of carnosine and homocarnosine. Carnosine is synthesized more efficiently than homocarnosine (950 aa) | |||
| HDHD1 | Pseudouridine-5’-phosphatase; Dephosphorylates pseudouridine 5’-phosphate, a potential intermediate in rRNA degradation. Pseudouridine is then excreted intact in urine; Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. CbbY/CbbZ/Gph/YieH family (251 aa) | |||
| ALDH3A1 | Aldehyde dehydrogenase, dimeric NADP-preferring; ALDHs play a major role in the detoxification of alcohol-derived acetaldehyde (Probable). They are involved in the metabolism of corticosteroids, biogenic amines, neurotransmitters, and lipid peroxidation (Probable). Oxidizes medium and long chain aldehydes into non-toxic fatty acids. Preferentially oxidizes aromatic aldehyde substrates. Comprises about 50 percent of corneal epithelial soluble proteins (By similarity). May play a role in preventing corneal damage caused by ultraviolet light (By similarity) (453 aa) | |||
| ALDH3B1 | Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member B1; Oxidizes medium and long chain saturated and unsaturated aldehydes. Metabolizes also benzaldehyde. Low activity towards acetaldehyde and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde. May not metabolize short chain aldehydes. May use both NADP(+) and NAD(+) as cofactors. May have a protective role against the cytotoxicity induced by lipid peroxidation (468 aa) | |||
