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DLD | Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial; Lipoamide dehydrogenase is a component of the glycine cleavage system as well as an E3 component of three alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes (pyruvate-, alpha-ketoglutarate-, and branched-chain amino acid-dehydrogenase complex). In monomeric form has additional moonlighting function as serine protease. Involved in the hyperactivation of spermatazoa during capacitation and in the spermatazoal acrosome reaction (By similarity) (509 aa) | |||
PCK2 | Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [GTP], mitochondrial; Catalyzes the conversion of oxaloacetate (OAA) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), the rate-limiting step in the metabolic pathway that produces glucose from lactate and other precursors derived from the citric acid cycle; Belongs to the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [GTP] family (640 aa) | |||
ALDOC | Aldolase, fructose-bisphosphate C (364 aa) | |||
ACSS2 | Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic; Activates acetate so that it can be used for lipid synthesis or for energy generation; Acyl-CoA synthetase family (714 aa) | |||
DHTKD1 | Probable 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase E1 component DHKTD1, mitochondrial; The 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components- 2- oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3) (By similarity) (919 aa) | |||
BCKDHA | 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase subunit alpha, mitochondrial; The branched-chain alpha-keto dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of alpha-keto acids to acyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components- branched-chain alpha-keto acid decarboxylase (E1), lipoamide acyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3) (445 aa) | |||
TKTL2 | Transketolase-like protein 2; Plays an essential role in total transketolase activity and cell proliferation in cancer cells; after transfection with anti-TKTL1 siRNA, total transketolase activity dramatically decreases and proliferation was significantly inhibited in cancer cells. Plays a pivotal role in carcinogenesis; Belongs to the transketolase family (626 aa) | |||
PDPR | Pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase regulatory subunit, mitochondrial; Decreases the sensitivity of PDP1 to magnesium ions, and this inhibition is reversed by the polyamine spermine; Belongs to the GcvT family (879 aa) | |||
PDHA2 | Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, testis-specific form, mitochondrial; The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2), and thereby links the glycolytic pathway to the tricarboxylic cycle (388 aa) | |||
LDHD | Probable D-lactate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial; Lactate dehydrogenase D; Belongs to the FAD-binding oxidoreductase/transferase type 4 family (507 aa) | |||
PDHB | Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta, mitochondrial; The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2), and thereby links the glycolytic pathway to the tricarboxylic cycle (359 aa) | |||
PPARD | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; Ligand-activated transcription factor. Receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Has a preference for poly-unsaturated fatty acids, such as gamma-linoleic acid and eicosapentanoic acid. Once activated by a ligand, the receptor binds to promoter elements of target genes. Regulates the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Functions as transcription activator for the acyl-CoA oxidase gene. Decreases expression of NPC1L1 once activated by a ligand; Belongs to the nuclear hormone [...] (441 aa) | |||
ACSS1 | Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase 2-like, mitochondrial; Important for maintaining normal body temperature during fasting and for energy homeostasis. Essential for energy expenditure under ketogenic conditions (By similarity). Converts acetate to acetyl-CoA so that it can be used for oxidation through the tricarboxylic cycle to produce ATP and CO(2); Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family (689 aa) | |||
GCSH | Glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial; The glycine cleavage system catalyzes the degradation of glycine. The H protein (GCSH) shuttles the methylamine group of glycine from the P protein (GLDC) to the T protein (GCST); Belongs to the GcvH family (173 aa) | |||
PCK1 | Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, cytosolic [GTP]; Catalyzes the conversion of oxaloacetate (OAA) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), the rate-limiting step in the metabolic pathway that produces glucose from lactate and other precursors derived from the citric acid cycle; Belongs to the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [GTP] family (622 aa) | |||
TALDO1 | Transaldolase; Transaldolase is important for the balance of metabolites in the pentose-phosphate pathway (337 aa) | |||
TKTL1 | Transketolase-like protein 1; Catalyzes the transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from a ketose donor to an aldose acceptor, via a covalent intermediate with the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate (596 aa) | |||
ALDOB | Aldolase, fructose-bisphosphate B (364 aa) | |||
PDHA1 | Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, somatic form, mitochondrial; The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2), and thereby links the glycolytic pathway to the tricarboxylic cycle (428 aa) | |||
LIPT1 | Lipoyltransferase 1, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the transfer of the lipoyl group from lipoyl- AMP to the specific lysine residue of lipoyl domains of lipoate- dependent enzymes; Belongs to the LplA family (373 aa) | |||
PC | Pyruvate carboxylase, mitochondrial; Pyruvate carboxylase catalyzes a 2-step reaction, involving the ATP-dependent carboxylation of the covalently attached biotin in the first step and the transfer of the carboxyl group to pyruvate in the second. Catalyzes in a tissue specific manner, the initial reactions of glucose (liver, kidney) and lipid (adipose tissue, liver, brain) synthesis from pyruvate (1178 aa) | |||
ALDOA | Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase A; Plays a key role in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. In addition, may also function as scaffolding protein (By similarity); Belongs to the class I fructose-bisphosphate aldolase family (418 aa) | |||
GLYCTK | Glycerate kinase; Belongs to the glycerate kinase type-2 family (523 aa) | |||
TKT | Transketolase; Catalyzes the transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from a ketose donor to an aldose acceptor, via a covalent intermediate with the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate; Belongs to the transketolase family (631 aa) | |||
GPI | Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase; Besides it’s role as a glycolytic enzyme, mammalian GPI can function as a tumor-secreted cytokine and an angiogenic factor (AMF) that stimulates endothelial cell motility. GPI is also a neurotrophic factor (Neuroleukin) for spinal and sensory neurons (569 aa) | |||
RXRA | Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha; Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RAR/RXR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5’-AGGTCA-3’ sites known as DR1-DR5. The high affinity ligand for RXRs is 9-cis retinoic acid. RXRA serves as a common heterodimeric partner for a number of nuclear receptors. In the absence of ligand, the RXR-RAR heterodimers ass [...] (462 aa) |