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NPRL2 | GATOR complex protein NPRL2; As a component of the GATOR1 complex functions as an inhibitor of the amino acid-sensing branch of the TORC1 pathway. The GATOR1 complex strongly increases GTP hydrolysis by RRAGA and RRAGB within RRAGC-containing heterodimers, thereby deactivating RRAGs, releasing mTORC1 from lysosomal surface and inhibiting mTORC1 signaling. The GATOR1 complex is negatively regulated by GATOR2 the other GATOR subcomplex in this amino acid-sensing branch of the TORC1 pathway; Belongs to the NPR2 family (380 aa) | |||
SESN2 | Sestrin-2; Functions as an intracellular leucine sensor that negatively regulates the TORC1 signaling pathway through the GATOR complex. In absence of leucine, binds the GATOR subcomplex GATOR2 and prevents TORC1 signaling. Binding of leucine to SESN2 disrupts its interaction with GATOR2 thereby activating the TORC1 signaling pathway. This stress-inducible metabolic regulator also plays a role in protection against oxidative and genotoxic stresses. May negatively regulate protein translation in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress, via TORC1. May positively regulate the transcripti [...] (480 aa) | |||
MRPL44 | 39S ribosomal protein L44, mitochondrial; Component of the 39S subunit of mitochondrial ribosome. May have a function in the assembly/stability of nascent mitochondrial polypeptides exiting the ribosome; Mitochondrial ribosomal proteins (332 aa) | |||
RTCA | RNA 3’-terminal phosphate cyclase; Catalyzes the conversion of 3’-phosphate to a 2’,3’- cyclic phosphodiester at the end of RNA. The mechanism of action of the enzyme occurs in 3 steps- (A) adenylation of the enzyme by ATP; (B) transfer of adenylate to an RNA-N3’P to produce RNA- N3’PP5’A; (C) and attack of the adjacent 2’-hydroxyl on the 3’- phosphorus in the diester linkage to produce the cyclic end product. The biological role of this enzyme is unknown but it is likely to function in some aspects of cellular RNA processing; Belongs to the RNA 3’-terminal cyclase family. Type 1 subfamily (379 aa) | |||
WDR59 | GATOR complex protein WDR59; As a component of the GATOR subcomplex GATOR2, functions within the amino acid-sensing branch of the TORC1 signaling pathway. Indirectly activates mTORC1 and the TORC1 signaling pathway through the inhibition of the GATOR1 subcomplex. It is negatively regulated by the upstream amino acid sensors SESN2 and CASTOR1; Belongs to the WD repeat WDR59 family (974 aa) | |||
RRAGB | Ras-related GTP-binding protein B; Guanine nucleotide-binding protein that plays a crucial role in the cellular response to amino acid availability through regulation of the mTORC1 signaling cascade. Forms heterodimeric Rag complexes with RRAGC or RRAGD and cycles between an inactive GDP-bound and an active GTP-bound form. In its active form participates in the relocalization of mTORC1 to the lysosomes and its subsequent activation by the GTPase RHEB. Involved in the RCC1/Ran-GTPase pathway; Belongs to the GTR/RAG GTP-binding protein family (374 aa) | |||
WDR24 | GATOR complex protein WDR24; As a component of the GATOR subcomplex GATOR2, functions within the amino acid-sensing branch of the TORC1 signaling pathway. Indirectly activates mTORC1 and the TORC1 signaling pathway through the inhibition of the GATOR1 subcomplex. It is negatively regulated by the upstream amino acid sensors SESN2 and CASTOR1. In addition to its role in regulation of the TORC1 complex, promotes the acidification of lysosomes and facilitates autophagic flux (790 aa) | |||
LAMP1 | Lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1; Presents carbohydrate ligands to selectins. Also implicated in tumor cell metastasis; CD molecules (417 aa) | |||
MIOS | GATOR complex protein MIOS; As a component of the GATOR subcomplex GATOR2, functions within the amino acid-sensing branch of the TORC1 signaling pathway. Indirectly activates mTORC1 and the TORC1 signaling pathway through the inhibition of the GATOR1 subcomplex. It is negatively regulated by the upstream amino acid sensors SESN2 and CASTOR1 (875 aa) | |||
PDE5A | cGMP-specific 3’,5’-cyclic phosphodiesterase; Plays a role in signal transduction by regulating the intracellular concentration of cyclic nucleotides. This phosphodiesterase catalyzes the specific hydrolysis of cGMP to 5’- GMP. Specifically regulates nitric-oxide-generated cGMP; Phosphodiesterases (875 aa) | |||
FGFR1OP | FGFR1 oncogene partner; Required for anchoring microtubules to the centrosomes. Required for ciliation (399 aa) | |||
RRAGC | Ras-related GTP-binding protein C; Guanine nucleotide-binding protein forming heterodimeric Rag complexes required for the amino acid-induced relocalization of mTORC1 to the lysosomes and its subsequent activation by the GTPase RHEB. This is a crucial step in the activation of the TOR signaling cascade by amino acids (399 aa) | |||
BMS1 | Ribosome biogenesis protein BMS1 homolog; May act as a molecular switch during maturation of the 40S ribosomal subunit in the nucleolus (1282 aa) | |||
RCL1 | RNA 3’-terminal phosphate cyclase-like protein; Does not have cyclase activity. Plays a role in 40S- ribosomal-subunit biogenesis in the early pre-rRNA processing steps at sites A0, A1 and A2 that are required for proper maturation of the 18S RNA (By similarity) (373 aa) | |||
SEC13 | Protein SEC13 homolog; Functions as a component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) and the COPII coat. At the endoplasmic reticulum, SEC13 is involved in the biogenesis of COPII-coated vesicles; Belongs to the WD repeat SEC13 family (368 aa) | |||
FAF1 | FAS-associated factor 1; Potentiates but cannot initiate FAS-induced apoptosis; UBX domain containing (650 aa) | |||
SEH1L | Nucleoporin SEH1; Component of the Nup107-160 subcomplex of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). The Nup107-160 subcomplex is required for the assembly of a functional NPC. The Nup107-160 subcomplex is also required for normal kinetochore microtubule attachment, mitotic progression and chromosome segregation. This subunit plays a role in recruitment of the Nup107-160 subcomplex to the kinetochore; Belongs to the WD repeat SEC13 family (421 aa) | |||
DEPDC5 | GATOR complex protein DEPDC5; As a component of the GATOR1 complex functions as an inhibitor of the amino acid-sensing branch of the TORC1 pathway. The GATOR1 complex strongly increases GTP hydrolysis by RRAGA and RRAGB within RRAGC-containing heterodimers, thereby deactivating RRAGs, releasing mTORC1 from lysosomal surface and inhibiting mTORC1 signaling. The GATOR1 complex is negatively regulated by GATOR2 the other GATOR subcomplex in this amino acid-sensing branch of the TORC1 pathway (1603 aa) | |||
GATSL3 | Cytosolic arginine sensor for mTORC1 subunit 1; Functions as an intracellular arginine sensor within the amino acid-sensing branch of the TORC1 signaling pathway. As a homodimer or a heterodimer with CASTOR2, binds and inhibits the GATOR subcomplex GATOR2 and thereby mTORC1. Binding of arginine to CASTOR1 allosterically disrupts the interaction of CASTOR1- containing dimers with GATOR2 which can in turn activate mTORC1 and the TORC1 signaling pathway; Belongs to the GATS family (329 aa) | |||
SESN1 | Sestrin-1; Functions as an intracellular leucine sensor that negatively regulates the TORC1 signaling pathway through the GATOR complex. In absence of leucine, binds the GATOR subcomplex GATOR2 and prevents TORC1 signaling. Binding of leucine to SESN2 disrupts its interaction with GATOR2 thereby activating the TORC1 signaling pathway. This stress-inducible metabolic regulator may also play a role in protection against oxidative and genotoxic stresses (By similarity). May positively regulate the transcription by NFE2L2 of genes involved in the response to oxidative stress by facilitatin [...] (551 aa) | |||
DROSHA | Ribonuclease 3; Ribonuclease III double-stranded (ds) RNA-specific endoribonuclease that is involved in the initial step of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis. Component of the microprocessor complex that is required to process primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) to release precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA) in the nucleus. Within the microprocessor complex, DROSHA cleaves the 3’ and 5’ strands of a stem-loop in pri-miRNAs (processing center 11 bp from the dsRNA- ssRNA junction) to release hairpin-shaped pre-miRNAs that are subsequently cut by the cytoplasmic DICER to generate mature miRNAs. Invo [...] (1374 aa) | |||
DICER1 | Endoribonuclease Dicer; Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) endoribonuclease playing a central role in short dsRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing. Cleaves naturally occurring long dsRNAs and short hairpin pre-microRNAs (miRNA) into fragments of twenty-one to twenty-three nucleotides with 3’ overhang of two nucleotides, producing respectively short interfering RNAs (siRNA) and mature microRNAs. SiRNAs and miRNAs serve as guide to direct the RNA- induced silencing complex (RISC) to complementary RNAs to degrade them or prevent their translation. Gene silencing mediated by siRNAs, a [...] (1922 aa) | |||
SESN3 | Sestrin-3; May function as an intracellular leucine sensor that negatively regulates the TORC1 signaling pathway. May also regulate the insulin-receptor signaling pathway through activation of TORC2 (By similarity). This metabolic regulator may also play a role in protection against oxidative and genotoxic stresses (By similarity) (492 aa) | |||
SZT2 | KICSTOR complex protein SZT2; As part of the KICSTOR complex functions in the amino acid-sensing branch of the TORC1 signaling pathway. Recruits, in an amino acid-independent manner, the GATOR1 complex to the lysosomal membranes and allows its interaction with GATOR2 and the RAG GTPases. Functions upstream of the RAG GTPases and is required to negatively regulate mTORC1 signaling in absence of amino acids. In absence of the KICSTOR complex mTORC1 is constitutively localized to the lysosome and activated. The KICSTOR complex is also probably involved in the regulation of mTORC1 by gluco [...] (3375 aa) | |||
NPRL3 | GATOR complex protein NPRL3; As a component of the GATOR1 complex functions as an inhibitor of the amino acid-sensing branch of the TORC1 pathway. The GATOR1 complex strongly increases GTP hydrolysis by RRAGA and RRAGB within RRAGC-containing heterodimers, thereby deactivating RRAGs, releasing mTORC1 from lysosomal surface and inhibiting mTORC1 signaling. The GATOR1 complex is negatively regulated by GATOR2 the other GATOR subcomplex in this amino acid-sensing branch of the TORC1 pathway; Belongs to the NPR3 family (569 aa) | |||
GATSL2 | Cytosolic arginine sensor for mTORC1 subunit 2; Functions as a negative regulator of the TORC1 signaling pathway through the GATOR complex. As part of homodimers or heterodimers with CASTOR1, directly binds and inhibits the GATOR subcomplex GATOR2 and thereby mTORC1. Does not directly bind arginine, but binding of arginine to CASTOR1 disrupts the interaction of CASTOR2-containing heterodimers with GATOR2 which can in turn activate mTORC1 and the TORC1 signaling pathway; Belongs to the GATS family (329 aa) |