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| XYLT2 | Xylosyltransferase 2; Involved in the formation of heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans. Probably catalyzes the first step in biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycan. Transfers D-xylose from UDP-D-xylose to specific serine residues of the core protein. Initial enzyme in the biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate proteoglycans in fibroblasts and chondrocytes (By similarity). Its enzyme activity has not been demonstrated; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 14 family. XylT subfamily (865 aa) | |||
| B4GALT7 | Beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 7; Required for the biosynthesis of the tetrasaccharide linkage region of proteoglycans, especially for small proteoglycans in skin fibroblasts; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 7 family (327 aa) | |||
| CHPF2 | Chondroitin sulfate glucuronyltransferase; Transfers glucuronic acid (GlcUA) from UDP-GlcUA to N- acetylgalactosamine residues on the non-reducing end of the elongating chondroitin polymer. Has no N- acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity; Beta 3-glycosyltransferases (772 aa) | |||
| B3GAT2 | Galactosylgalactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase 2; Involved in the biosynthesis of L2/HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope on both glycolipids and glycoproteins; Beta-1,3-glucuronyltransferases (323 aa) | |||
| TNN | Tenascin-N; Extracellular matrix protein that seems to be a ligand for ITGA8-ITGB1, ITGAV-ITGB1 and ITGA4-ITGB1 (By similarity). Involved in neurite outgrowth and cell migration in hippocampal explants (By similarity). During endochondral bone formation, inhibits proliferation and differentiation of proteoblasts mediated by canonical WNT signaling (By similarity). In tumors, stimulates angiogenesis by elongation, migration and sprouting of endothelial cells. Expressed in most mammary tumors, may facilitate tumorigenesis by supporting the migratory behavior of breast cancer cells; Belon [...] (1299 aa) | |||
| CHPF | Chondroitin sulfate synthase 2; Has both beta-1,3-glucuronic acid and beta-1,4-N- acetylgalactosamine transferase activity. Transfers glucuronic acid (GlcUA) from UDP-GlcUA and N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) from UDP-GalNAc to the non-reducing end of the elongating chondroitin polymer. Isoform 2 may facilitate PRKN transport into the mitochondria. In collaboration with PRKN, isoform 2 may enhance cell viability and protect cells from oxidative stress (775 aa) | |||
| NCAN | Neurocan core protein; May modulate neuronal adhesion and neurite growth during development by binding to neural cell adhesion molecules (NG-CAM and N-CAM). Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan; binds to hyaluronic acid; Belongs to the aggrecan/versican proteoglycan family (1321 aa) | |||
| CHSY1 | Chondroitin sulfate synthase 1; Has both beta-1,3-glucuronic acid and beta-1,4-N- acetylgalactosamine transferase activity. Transfers glucuronic acid (GlcUA) from UDP-GlcUA and N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) from UDP-GalNAc to the non-reducing end of the elongating chondroitin polymer. Involved in the negative control of osteogenesis likely through the modulation of NOTCH signaling (802 aa) | |||
| XYLT1 | Xylosyltransferase 1; Catalyzes the first step in biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycan. Transfers D-xylose from UDP-D-xylose to specific serine residues of the core protein. Initial enzyme in the biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate proteoglycans in fibroblasts and chondrocytes; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 14 family. XylT subfamily (959 aa) | |||
| GPC1 | Glypican-1; Cell surface proteoglycan that bears heparan sulfate. Binds, via the heparan sulfate side chains, alpha-4 (V) collagen and participates in Schwann cell myelination (By similarity). May act as a catalyst in increasing the rate of conversion of prion protein PRPN(C) to PRNP(Sc) via associating (via the heparan sulfate side chains) with both forms of PRPN, targeting them to lipid rafts and facilitating their interaction. Required for proper skeletal muscle differentiation by sequestering FGF2 in lipid rafts preventing its binding to receptors (FGFRs) and inhibiting the FGF-med [...] (558 aa) | |||
| VCAN | Versican core protein; May play a role in intercellular signaling and in connecting cells with the extracellular matrix. May take part in the regulation of cell motility, growth and differentiation. Binds hyaluronic acid; C-type lectin domain containing (3396 aa) | |||
| B3GAT3 | Galactosylgalactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase 3; Glycosaminoglycans biosynthesis. Involved in forming the linkage tetrasaccharide present in heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate. Transfers a glucuronic acid moiety from the uridine diphosphate-glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcUA) to the common linkage region trisaccharide Gal-beta-1,3-Gal-beta-1,4- Xyl covalently bound to a Ser residue at the glycosaminylglycan attachment site of proteoglycans. Can also play a role in the biosynthesis of l2/HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope on glycoproteins. Shows strict specificity for Gal-beta- [...] (335 aa) | |||
| CHST7 | Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 7; Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3’-phospho-5’-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the transfer of sulfate to position 6 of non-reducing N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residues. Preferentially acts on mannose-linked GlcNAc. Also able to catalyze the transfer of sulfate to position 6 of the N- acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) residue of chondroitin. Also acts on core 2 mucin-type oligosaccharide and N-acetyllactosamine oligomer with a lower efficiency. Has weak or no activity toward keratan sulfate and oligosaccharides containing the Galbeta1- [...] (486 aa) | |||
| GPC2 | Glypican-2; Cell surface proteoglycan that bears heparan sulfate. May fulfill a function related to the motile behaviors of developing neurons (By similarity); Glypicans (579 aa) | |||
| CHSY3 | Chondroitin sulfate synthase 3; Has both beta-1,3-glucuronic acid and beta-1,4-N- acetylgalactosamine transferase activity. Transfers glucuronic acid (GlcUA) from UDP-GlcUA and N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) from UDP-GalNAc to the non-reducing end of the elongating chondroitin polymer. Specific activity is much reduced compared to CHSY1 (882 aa) | |||
| CHST11 | Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 11; Catalyzes the transfer of sulfate to position 4 of the N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) residue of chondroitin. Chondroitin sulfate constitutes the predominant proteoglycan present in cartilage and is distributed on the surfaces of many cells and extracellular matrices. Can also sulfate Gal residues in desulfated dermatan sulfate. Preferentially sulfates in GlcA->GalNAc unit than in IdoA->GalNAc unit. Does not form 4, 6- di-O-sulfated GalNAc when chondroitin sulfate C is used as an acceptor; Belongs to the sulfotransferase 2 family (352 aa) | |||
| SDC2 | Syndecan-2; Cell surface proteoglycan that bears heparan sulfate. Regulates dendritic arbor morphogenesis (By similarity); CD molecules (201 aa) | |||
| CHST14 | Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14; Catalyzes the transfer of sulfate to position 4 of the N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) residue of dermatan sulfate. Plays a pivotal role in the formation of 4-0-sulfated IdoA blocks in dermatan sulfate. Transfers sulfate to the C-4 hydroxyl of beta1,4-linked GalNAc that is substituted with an alpha-linked iduronic acid (IdoUA) at the C-3 hydroxyl. Transfers sulfate more efficiently to GalNAc residues in -IdoUA-GalNAc-IdoUA- than in -GlcUA-GalNAc-GlcUA-sequences. Has preference for partially desulfated dermatan sulfate. Addition of sulfate to GalNAc may [...] (376 aa) | |||
| DSEL | Dermatan-sulfate epimerase-like protein; Dermatan sulfate epimerase like; Belongs to the dermatan-sulfate isomerase family (1222 aa) | |||
| CSPG4 | Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4; Proteoglycan playing a role in cell proliferation and migration which stimulates endothelial cells motility during microvascular morphogenesis. May also inhibit neurite outgrowth and growth cone collapse during axon regeneration. Cell surface receptor for collagen alpha 2(VI) which may confer cells ability to migrate on that substrate. Binds through its extracellular N- terminus growth factors, extracellular matrix proteases modulating their activity. May regulate MPP16-dependent degradation and invasion of type I collagen participating in melanoma c [...] (2322 aa) | |||
| CHST13 | Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 13; Catalyzes the transfer of sulfate to position 4 of the N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) residue of chondroitin. Chondroitin sulfate constitutes the predominant proteoglycan present in cartilage and is distributed on the surfaces of many cells and extracellular matrices. Transfers sulfate to the C4 hydroxyl of beta1,4-linked GalNAc that is substituted with a beta-linked glucuronic acid at the C-3 hydroxyl. No activity toward dermatan; Sulfotransferases, membrane bound (341 aa) | |||
| DSE | Dermatan-sulfate epimerase; Converts D-glucuronic acid to L-iduronic acid (IdoUA) residues (958 aa) | |||
| SDC3 | Syndecan-3; Cell surface proteoglycan that may bear heparan sulfate (By similarity). May have a role in the organization of cell shape by affecting the actin cytoskeleton, possibly by transferring signals from the cell surface in a sugar-dependent mechanism (442 aa) | |||
| UST | Uronyl 2-sulfotransferase; Sulfotransferase that catalyzes the transfer of sulfate to the position 2 of uronyl residues. Has mainly activity toward iduronyl residues in dermatan sulfate, and weaker activity toward glucuronyl residues of chondroitin sulfate. Has no activity toward desulfated N-resulfated heparin; Sulfotransferases, membrane bound (406 aa) | |||
| GPC4 | Glypican-4; Cell surface proteoglycan that bears heparan sulfate. May be involved in the development of kidney tubules and of the central nervous system (By similarity); Belongs to the glypican family (556 aa) | |||
| SDC4 | Syndecan-4; Cell surface proteoglycan that bears heparan sulfate. Regulates exosome biogenesis in concert with SDCBP and PDCD6IP; Belongs to the syndecan proteoglycan family (198 aa) | |||
