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| AQP2 | Aquaporin-2; Forms a water-specific channel that provides the plasma membranes of renal collecting duct with high permeability to water, thereby permitting water to move in the direction of an osmotic gradient; Aquaporins (271 aa) | |||
| PANX1 | Pannexin-1; Structural component of the gap junctions and the hemichannels. May play a role as a Ca(2+)-leak channel to regulate ER Ca(2+) homeostasis; Pannexins (426 aa) | |||
| AKR7A2 | Aflatoxin B1 aldehyde reductase member 2; Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of succinic semialdehyde to gamma-hydroxybutyrate. May have an important role in producing the neuromodulator gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB). Has broad substrate specificity. Has NADPH-dependent aldehyde reductase activity towards 2-carboxybenzaldehyde, 2- nitrobenzaldehyde and pyridine-2-aldehyde (in vitro). Can reduce 1,2-naphthoquinone and 9,10-phenanthrenequinone (in vitro). Can reduce the dialdehyde protein-binding form of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) to the non-binding AFB1 dialcohol. May be involved in protect [...] (359 aa) | |||
| PYCARD | Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD; Functions as key mediator in apoptosis and inflammation. Promotes caspase-mediated apoptosis involving predominantly caspase-8 and also caspase-9 in a probable cell type-specific manner. Involved in activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, promotes caspase-8-dependent proteolytic maturation of BID independently of FADD in certain cell types and also mediates mitochondrial translocation of BAX and activates BAX-dependent apoptosis coupled to activation of caspase-9, -2 and -3. Involved in macrophage pyroptosis, a caspa [...] (195 aa) | |||
| KCNAB3 | Voltage-gated potassium channel subunit beta-3; Accessory potassium channel protein which modulates the activity of the pore-forming alpha subunit. Alters the functional properties of Kv1.5; Aldo-keto reductases (404 aa) | |||
| CASP3 | Caspase-3; Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. At the onset of apoptosis it proteolytically cleaves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) at a ’216-Asp-|-Gly-217’ bond. Cleaves and activates sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) between the basic helix-loop- helix leucine zipper domain and the membrane attachment domain. Cleaves and activates caspase-6, -7 and -9. Involved in the cleavage of huntingtin. Triggers cell adhesion in sympathetic neurons through RET cleavage (277 aa) | |||
| P2RX7 | P2X purinoceptor 7; Receptor for ATP that acts as a ligand-gated ion channel. Responsible for ATP-dependent lysis of macrophages through the formation of membrane pores permeable to large molecules. Could function in both fast synaptic transmission and the ATP-mediated lysis of antigen-presenting cells. In the absence of its natural ligand, ATP, functions as a scavenger receptor in the recognition and engulfment of apoptotic cells; Purinergic receptors P2X (595 aa) | |||
| HTR3A | 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A; This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor is a ligand-gated ion channel, which when activated causes fast, depolarizing responses in neurons. It is a cation-specific, but otherwise relatively nonselective, ion channel; 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors, ionotropic (516 aa) | |||
| CASP8 | Caspase-8; Most upstream protease of the activation cascade of caspases responsible for the TNFRSF6/FAS mediated and TNFRSF1A induced cell death. Binding to the adapter molecule FADD recruits it to either receptor. The resulting aggregate called death- inducing signaling complex (DISC) performs CASP8 proteolytic activation. The active dimeric enzyme is then liberated from the DISC and free to activate downstream apoptotic proteases. Proteolytic fragments of the N-terminal propeptide (termed CAP3, CAP5 and CAP6) are likely retained in the DISC. Cleaves and activates CASP3, CASP4, CASP6, [...] (538 aa) | |||
| AKR7A3 | Aflatoxin B1 aldehyde reductase member 3; Can reduce the dialdehyde protein-binding form of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) to the non-binding AFB1 dialcohol. May be involved in protection of liver against the toxic and carcinogenic effects of AFB1, a potent hepatocarcinogen; Aldo-keto reductases (331 aa) | |||
| CASP7 | Caspase-7; Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. Cleaves and activates sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs). Proteolytically cleaves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) at a ’216-Asp-|-Gly- 217’ bond. Overexpression promotes programmed cell death (388 aa) | |||
| GNAS | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms XLas; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers in numerous signaling pathways controlled by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Signaling involves the activation of adenylyl cyclases, resulting in increased levels of the signaling molecule cAMP. GNAS functions downstream of several GPCRs, including beta-adrenergic receptors. XLas isoforms interact with the same set of receptors as GNAS isoforms (By similarity) (1037 aa) | |||
| CARD16 | Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 16; Caspase inhibitor. Acts as a regulator of procaspase- 1/CASP1 activation implicated in the regulation of the proteolytic maturation of pro-interleukin-1 beta (IL1B) and its release during inflammation. Inhibits the release of IL1B in response to LPS in monocytes. Also induces NF-kappa-B activation during the pro- inflammatory cytokine response. Also able to inhibit CASP1- mediated neuronal cell death, TNF-alpha, hypoxia-, UV-, and staurosporine-mediated cell death but not ER stress-mediated cell death. Acts by preventing activation of c [...] (197 aa) | |||
| CARD17 | Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 17; Regulator of procaspase-1/CASP1 activation implicated in the regulation of the proteolytic maturation of pro-IL-1beta/IL1B and its release during inflammation. Inhibits the release of IL1B in response to LPS in monocytes. However, unlike CASP1, do not induce NF-kappa-B activation; Caspase recruitment domain containing (110 aa) | |||
| KCNAB2 | Voltage-gated potassium channel subunit beta-2; Cytoplasmic potassium channel subunit that modulates the characteristics of the channel-forming alpha-subunits. Contributes to the regulation of nerve signaling, and prevents neuronal hyperexcitability (By similarity). Promotes expression of the pore-forming alpha subunits at the cell membrane, and thereby increases channel activity (By similarity). Promotes potassium channel closure via a mechanism that does not involve physical obstruction of the channel pore. Promotes KCNA4 channel closure. Modulates the functional properties of KCNA5 [...] (415 aa) | |||
| GRPR | Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor; Receptor for gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP). Signals via association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system, resulting in Akt phosphorylation. Contributes to the regulation of food intake. Contributes to the perception of prurient stimuli and transmission of itch signals in the spinal cord that promote scratching behavior, but does not play a role in the perception of pain. Contributes primarily to nonhistaminergic itch sensation. Contributes to long-term fear memory, but not normal spatial memory (By si [...] (384 aa) | |||
| CARD8 | Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 8; Inhibits NF-kappa-B activation. May participate in a regulatory mechanism that coordinates cellular responses controlled by NF-kappa-B transcription factor. May be a component of the inflammasome, a protein complex which also includes PYCARD, NALP2 and CASP1 and whose function would be the activation of proinflammatory caspases; Caspase recruitment domain containing (537 aa) | |||
| CASP5 | Caspase-5; Mediator of programmed cell death (apoptosis). During non-canonical inflammasome activation, cuts MB21D1 and may play a role in the regulation of antiviral innate immune activation; Caspase recruitment domain containing (447 aa) | |||
| PANX2 | Pannexin-2; Structural component of the gap junctions and the hemichannels; Belongs to the pannexin family (677 aa) | |||
| CASP4 | Caspase-4; Inflammatory caspase. Essential effector of NLRP3 inflammasome- dependent CASP1 activation and IL1B and IL18 secretion in response to non-canonical activators, such as UVB radiation, cholera enterotoxin subunit B and cytosolic LPS. Independently of NLRP3 inflammasome and CASP1, promotes pyroptosis, through GSDMD cleavage and activation, and IL1A, IL18 and HMGB1 release in response to non-canonical inflammasome activators. Plays a crucial role in the restriction of Salmonella typhimurium replication in colonic epithelial cells during infection. In later stages of the infectio [...] (377 aa) | |||
| TNF | Tumor necrosis factor; Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Impairs regulatory T-cells (Treg) function in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis via FOXP3 dephosphorylation. Upregulates the expression of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), which de [...] (233 aa) | |||
| KCNAB1 | Voltage-gated potassium channel subunit beta-1; Cytoplasmic potassium channel subunit that modulates the characteristics of the channel-forming alpha-subunits. Modulates action potentials via its effect on the pore-forming alpha subunits (By similarity). Promotes expression of the pore-forming alpha subunits at the cell membrane, and thereby increases channel activity (By similarity). Mediates closure of delayed rectifier potassium channels by physically obstructing the pore via its N-terminal domain and increases the speed of channel closure for other family members. Promotes the clos [...] (419 aa) | |||
| CASP1 | Caspase-1; Thiol protease that cleaves IL-1 beta between an Asp and an Ala, releasing the mature cytokine which is involved in a variety of inflammatory processes. Important for defense against pathogens. Cleaves and activates sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs). Can also promote apoptosis. Upon inflammasome activation, during DNA virus infection but not RNA virus challenge, controls antiviral immunity through the cleavage of MB21D1/cGAS, rendering it inactive; Belongs to the peptidase C14A family (404 aa) | |||
| CARD18 | Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 18; Inhibits generation of IL-1-beta by interacting with caspase-1 and preventing its association with RIP2. Down-regulates the release of IL1B; Caspase recruitment domain containing (90 aa) | |||
| C5AR2 | C5a anaphylatoxin chemotactic receptor 2; Receptor for the chemotactic and inflammatory C3a, C4a and C5a anaphylatoxin peptides and also for their dearginated forms ASP/C3adesArg, C4adesArg and C5adesArg respectively. Couples weakly to G(i)-mediated signaling pathways; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family (337 aa) | |||
