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TGFBR3 | Transforming growth factor beta receptor type 3; Binds to TGF-beta. Could be involved in capturing and retaining TGF-beta for presentation to the signaling receptors; Proteoglycans (851 aa) | |||
AMH | Muellerian-inhibiting factor; This glycoprotein, produced by the Sertoli cells of the testis, causes regression of the Muellerian duct. It is also able to inhibit the growth of tumors derived from tissues of Muellerian duct origin; Endogenous ligands (560 aa) | |||
TGFB1 | Transforming growth factor beta-1; Multifunctional protein that controls proliferation, differentiation and other functions in many cell types. Many cells synthesize TGFB1 and have specific receptors for it. It positively and negatively regulates many other growth factors. It plays an important role in bone remodeling as it is a potent stimulator of osteoblastic bone formation, causing chemotaxis, proliferation and differentiation in committed osteoblasts (By similarity). Stimulates sustained production of collagen through the activation of CREB3L1 by regulated intramembrane proteolysi [...] (390 aa) | |||
TGFB3 | Transforming growth factor beta-3; Involved in embryogenesis and cell differentiation; Belongs to the TGF-beta family (412 aa) | |||
ACVR2A | Activin receptor type-2A; On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. Receptor for activin A, activin B and inhibin A. Mediates induction of adipogenesis by GDF6 (By similarity); Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily (513 aa) | |||
INHBA | Inhibin beta A chain; Inhibins and activins inhibit and activate, respectively, the secretion of follitropin by the pituitary gland. Inhibins/activins are involved in regulating a number of diverse functions such as hypothalamic and pituitary hormone secretion, gonadal hormone secretion, germ cell development and maturation, erythroid differentiation, insulin secretion, nerve cell survival, embryonic axial development or bone growth, depending on their subunit composition. Inhibins appear to oppose the functions of activins; Belongs to the TGF-beta family (426 aa) | |||
INHA | Inhibin alpha chain; Inhibins and activins inhibit and activate, respectively, the secretion of follitropin by the pituitary gland. Inhibins/activins are involved in regulating a number of diverse functions such as hypothalamic and pituitary hormone secretion, gonadal hormone secretion, germ cell development and maturation, erythroid differentiation, insulin secretion, nerve cell survival, embryonic axial development or bone growth, depending on their subunit composition. Inhibins appear to oppose the functions of activins; Belongs to the TGF-beta family (366 aa) | |||
BMP4 | Bone morphogenetic protein 4; Induces cartilage and bone formation. Also act in mesoderm induction, tooth development, limb formation and fracture repair. Acts in concert with PTHLH/PTHRP to stimulate ductal outgrowth during embryonic mammary development and to inhibit hair follicle induction (By similarity); Bone morphogenetic proteins (408 aa) | |||
GDF1 | Growth differentiation factor 1; May mediate cell differentiation events during embryonic development; Endogenous ligands (372 aa) | |||
BMP15 | Bone morphogenetic protein 15; May be involved in follicular development. Oocyte- specific growth/differentiation factor that stimulates folliculogenesis and granulosa cell (GC) growth; Bone morphogenetic proteins (392 aa) | |||
AMHR2 | Anti-Muellerian hormone type-2 receptor; On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. Receptor for anti-Muellerian hormone (573 aa) | |||
NRP1 | Neuropilin-1; The membrane-bound isoform 1 is a receptor involved in the development of the cardiovascular system, in angiogenesis, in the formation of certain neuronal circuits and in organogenesis outside the nervous system. It mediates the chemorepulsant activity of semaphorins. It binds to semaphorin 3A, The PLGF-2 isoform of PGF, The VEGF165 isoform of VEGFA and VEGFB. Coexpression with KDR results in increased VEGF165 binding to KDR as well as increased chemotaxis. Regulate VEGF-induced angiogenesis. Binding to VEGFA initiates a signaling pathway needed for motor neuron axon guid [...] (923 aa) | |||
SDC2 | Syndecan-2; Cell surface proteoglycan that bears heparan sulfate. Regulates dendritic arbor morphogenesis (By similarity); CD molecules (201 aa) | |||
CANT1 | Soluble calcium-activated nucleotidase 1; Calcium-dependent nucleotidase with a preference for UDP. The order of activity with different substrates is UDP > GDP > UTP > GTP. Has very low activity towards ADP and even lower activity towards ATP. Does not hydrolyze AMP and GMP. Involved in proteoglycan synthesis (401 aa) | |||
PTCH1 | Protein patched homolog 1; Acts as a receptor for sonic hedgehog (SHH), indian hedgehog (IHH) and desert hedgehog (DHH). Associates with the smoothened protein (SMO) to transduce the hedgehog’s proteins signal. Seems to have a tumor suppressor function, as inactivation of this protein is probably a necessary, if not sufficient step for tumorigenesis; Belongs to the patched family (1447 aa) | |||
ACVR2B | Activin receptor type-2B; Transmembrane serine/threonine kinase activin type-2 receptor forming an activin receptor complex with activin type-1 serine/threonine kinase receptors (ACVR1, ACVR1B or ACVR1c). Transduces the activin signal from the cell surface to the cytoplasm and is thus regulating many physiological and pathological processes including neuronal differentiation and neuronal survival, hair follicle development and cycling, FSH production by the pituitary gland, wound healing, extracellular matrix production, immunosuppression and carcinogenesis. Activin is also thought to [...] (512 aa) | |||
TCTEX1D4 | Tctex1 domain containing 4 (221 aa) | |||
TGFBR2 | TGF-beta receptor type-2; Transmembrane serine/threonine kinase forming with the TGF-beta type I serine/threonine kinase receptor, TGFBR1, the non- promiscuous receptor for the TGF-beta cytokines TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3. Transduces the TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3 signal from the cell surface to the cytoplasm and is thus regulating a plethora of physiological and pathological processes including cell cycle arrest in epithelial and hematopoietic cells, control of mesenchymal cell proliferation and differentiation, wound healing, extracellular matrix production, immunosuppression and carcinogen [...] (592 aa) | |||
TGFB2 | Transforming growth factor beta-2; TGF-beta 2 has suppressive effects on interleukin-2 dependent T-cell growth; Endogenous ligands (442 aa) | |||
ENG | Endoglin; Vascular endothelium glycoprotein that plays an important role in the regulation of angiogenesis. Required for normal structure and integrity of adult vasculature. Regulates the migration of vascular endothelial cells. Required for normal extraembryonic angiogenesis and for embryonic heart development (By similarity). May play a critical role in the binding of endothelial cells to integrins and/or other RGD receptors. Acts as TGF-beta coreceptor and is involved in the TGF-beta/BMP signaling cascade that ultimately leads to the activation of SMAD transcription factors. Require [...] (658 aa) | |||
BMPR2 | Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-2; On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. Binds to BMP7, BMP2 and, less efficiently, BMP4. Binding is weak but enhanced by the presence of type I receptors for BMPs. Mediates induction of adipogenesis by GDF6; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily (1038 aa) | |||
ITM2B | Integral membrane protein 2B; Plays a regulatory role in the processing of the amyloid-beta A4 precursor protein (APP) and acts as an inhibitor of the amyloid-beta peptide aggregation and fibrils deposition. Plays a role in the induction of neurite outgrowth. Functions as a protease inhibitor by blocking access of secretases to APP cleavage sites; Belongs to the ITM2 family (266 aa) | |||
GIPC1 | PDZ domain-containing protein GIPC1; May be involved in G protein-linked signaling; Belongs to the GIPC family (333 aa) | |||
FGFR1 | Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1; Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for fibroblast growth factors and plays an essential role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. Required for normal mesoderm patterning and correct axial organization during embryonic development, normal skeletogenesis and normal development of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuronal system. Phosphorylates PLCG1, FRS2, GAB1 and SHB. Ligand binding leads to the activation of several signaling cascades. Activation of PLCG1 lea [...] (853 aa) | |||
ARRB2 | Beta-arrestin-2; Functions in regulating agonist-mediated G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling by mediating both receptor desensitization and resensitization processes. During homologous desensitization, beta-arrestins bind to the GPRK-phosphorylated receptor and sterically preclude its coupling to the cognate G- protein; the binding appears to require additional receptor determinants exposed only in the active receptor conformation. The beta-arrestins target many receptors for internalization by acting as endocytic adapters (CLASPs, clathrin-associated sorting proteins) and rec [...] (430 aa) | |||
FGF1 | Fibroblast growth factor 1; Plays an important role in the regulation of cell survival, cell division, angiogenesis, cell differentiation and cell migration. Functions as potent mitogen in vitro. Acts as a ligand for FGFR1 and integrins. Binds to FGFR1 in the presence of heparin leading to FGFR1 dimerization and activation via sequential autophosphorylation on tyrosine residues which act as docking sites for interacting proteins, leading to the activation of several signaling cascades. Binds to integrin ITGAV-ITGB3. Its binding to integrin, subsequent ternary complex formation with int [...] (155 aa) |