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| PYGM | Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form; Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties (842 aa) | |||
| PYGL | Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form; Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties (847 aa) | |||
| PYGB | Glycogen phosphorylase, brain form; Glycogen phosphorylase that regulates glycogen mobilization. Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties (843 aa) | |||
| CALM2 | Calmodulin 2 (phosphorylase kinase, delta); EF-hand domain containing (149 aa) | |||
| PPP1R3A | Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3A; Seems to act as a glycogen-targeting subunit for PP1. PP1 is essential for cell division, and participates in the regulation of glycogen metabolism, muscle contractility and protein synthesis. Plays an important role in glycogen synthesis but is not essential for insulin activation of glycogen synthase (By similarity); Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunits (1122 aa) | |||
| CALM3 | Calmodulin 3 (phosphorylase kinase, delta); Calmodulin mediates the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels, aquaporins and other proteins through calcium-binding. Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-calcium complex are a number of protein kinases and phosphatases. Together with CCP110 and centrin, is involved in a genetic pathway that regulates the centrosome cycle and progression through cytokinesis. Mediates calcium-dependent inactivation of CACNA1C. Positively regulates calcium-activated potassium channel activity of KCNN2 (149 aa) | |||
| S100A1 | Protein S100-A1; Probably acts as a Ca(2+) signal transducer. In response to an increase in intracellular Ca(2+) levels, binds calcium which triggers a conformational change. This conformational change allows interaction of S1001A with specific target proteins, such as TPR- containing proteins, and the modulation of their activity; Belongs to the S-100 family (94 aa) | |||
| AGL | Glycogen debranching enzyme; Multifunctional enzyme acting as 1,4-alpha-D-glucan-1,4- alpha-D-glucan 4-alpha-D-glycosyltransferase and amylo-1,6- glucosidase in glycogen degradation; Belongs to the glycogen debranching enzyme family (1532 aa) | |||
| PGM2L1 | Glucose 1,6-bisphosphate synthase; Glucose 1,6-bisphosphate synthase using 1,3- bisphosphoglycerate as a phosphate donor and a series of 1- phosphate sugars as acceptors, including glucose 1-phosphate, mannose 1-phosphate, ribose 1-phosphate and deoxyribose 1- phosphate. 5 or 6-phosphosugars are bad substrates, with the exception of glucose 6-phosphate. Also synthesizes ribose 1,5- bisphosphate. Has only low phosphopentomutase and phosphoglucomutase activities (622 aa) | |||
| U2AF2 | Splicing factor U2AF 65 kDa subunit; Necessary for the splicing of pre-mRNA. By recruiting PRPF19 and the PRP19C/Prp19 complex/NTC/Nineteen complex to the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain (CTD), and thereby pre-mRNA, may couple transcription to splicing. Induces cardiac troponin-T (TNNT2) pre-mRNA exon inclusion in muscle. Regulates the TNNT2 exon 5 inclusion through competition with MBNL1. Binds preferentially to a single-stranded structure within the polypyrimidine tract of TNNT2 intron 4 during spliceosome assembly. Required for the export of mRNA out of the nucleus, even if the [...] (475 aa) | |||
| PHKB | Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit beta; Phosphorylase b kinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine in certain substrates, including troponin I. The beta chain acts as a regulatory unit and modulates the activity of the holoenzyme in response to phosphorylation (1093 aa) | |||
| UGP2 | UTP--glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase; Plays a central role as a glucosyl donor in cellular metabolic pathways; Belongs to the UDPGP type 1 family (508 aa) | |||
| CALM1 | Calmodulin-1; Calmodulin mediates the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels, aquaporins and other proteins through calcium-binding. Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-calcium complex are a number of protein kinases and phosphatases. Together with CCP110 and centrin, is involved in a genetic pathway that regulates the centrosome cycle and progression through cytokinesis. Mediates calcium-dependent inactivation of CACNA1C. Positively regulates calcium-activated potassium channel activity of KCNN2 (149 aa) | |||
| ENPP1 | Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 1; By generating PPi, plays a role in regulating pyrophosphate levels, and functions in bone mineralization and soft tissue calcification. PPi inhibits mineralization by binding to nascent hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals, thereby preventing further growth of these crystals. Preferentially hydrolyzes ATP, but can also hydrolyze other nucleoside 5’ triphosphates such as GTP, CTP, TTP and UTP to their corresponding monophosphates with release of pyrophosphate and diadenosine polyphosphates, and also 3’,5’-cAMP to AMP. May also be [...] (925 aa) | |||
| PHKA1 | Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, skeletal muscle isoform; Phosphorylase b kinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine in certain substrates, including troponin I. The alpha chain may bind calmodulin (1223 aa) | |||
| TRIM63 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM63; E3 ubiquitin ligase. Mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of CKM, GMEB1 and HIBADH. Regulates the proteasomal degradation of muscle proteins under amino acid starvation, where muscle protein is catabolized to provide other organs with amino acids. Inhibits de novo skeletal muscle protein synthesis under amino acid starvation. Regulates proteasomal degradation of cardiac troponin I/TNNI3 and probably of other sarcomeric-associated proteins. May play a role in striated muscle atrophy and hypertrophy by regulating an anti- [...] (353 aa) | |||
| PHKA2 | Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, liver isoform; Phosphorylase b kinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine in certain substrates, including troponin I. The alpha chain may bind calmodulin (1235 aa) | |||
| PGM2 | Phosphoglucomutase-2; Catalyzes the conversion of the nucleoside breakdown products ribose-1-phosphate and deoxyribose-1-phosphate to the corresponding 5-phosphopentoses. May also catalyze the interconversion of glucose-1-phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate. Has low glucose 1,6-bisphosphate synthase activity; Belongs to the phosphohexose mutase family (612 aa) | |||
| ENPP3 | Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 3; Cleaves a variety of phosphodiester and phosphosulfate bonds including deoxynucleotides, nucleotide sugars, and NAD; CD molecules (875 aa) | |||
| GBE1 | 1,4-alpha-glucan-branching enzyme; Required for normal glycogen accumulation. The alpha 1-6 branches of glycogen play an important role in increasing the solubility of the molecule (Probable); Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 13 family. GlgB subfamily (702 aa) | |||
| PPP2CA | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform; PP2A is the major phosphatase for microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). PP2A can modulate the activity of phosphorylase B kinase casein kinase 2, mitogen-stimulated S6 kinase, and MAP-2 kinase. Cooperates with SGO2 to protect centromeric cohesin from separase-mediated cleavage in oocytes specifically during meiosis I (By similarity). Can dephosphorylate SV40 large T antigen and p53/TP53. Activates RAF1 by dephosphorylating it at ’Ser-259’; Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-1 subfamily (309 aa) | |||
| PHKG1 | Phosphorylase b kinase gamma catalytic chain, skeletal muscle/heart isoform; Catalytic subunit of the phosphorylase b kinase (PHK), which mediates the neural and hormonal regulation of glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis) by phosphorylating and thereby activating glycogen phosphorylase. In vitro, phosphorylates PYGM, TNNI3, MAPT/TAU, GAP43 and NRGN/RC3 (By similarity) (419 aa) | |||
| MGAM | Maltase-glucoamylase, intestinal; May serve as an alternate pathway for starch digestion when luminal alpha-amylase activity is reduced because of immaturity or malnutrition. May play a unique role in the digestion of malted dietary oligosaccharides used in food manufacturing (1857 aa) | |||
| LOC93432 | Probable maltase-glucoamylase 2; Homo sapiens maltase-glucoamylase (alpha-glucosidase) (LOC93432), mRNA (482 aa) | |||
| TLE3 | Transducin-like enhancer protein 3; Transcriptional corepressor that binds to a number of transcription factors. Inhibits the transcriptional activation mediated by CTNNB1 and TCF family members in Wnt signaling. The effects of full-length TLE family members may be modulated by association with dominant-negative AES (By similarity); WD repeat domain containing (772 aa) | |||
| PHKG2 | Phosphorylase b kinase gamma catalytic chain, liver/testis isoform; Catalytic subunit of the phosphorylase b kinase (PHK), which mediates the neural and hormonal regulation of glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis) by phosphorylating and thereby activating glycogen phosphorylase. May regulate glycogeneolysis in the testis. In vitro, phosphorylates PYGM (By similarity); Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family (406 aa) | |||
